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Digestion-
Digestion- The process by which the body breaks down food into smaller nutrient molecules.
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Absorption-
The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of your digestive system into your blood.
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Saliva-
The fluid released when your mouth waters.
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Enzyme-
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in your body.
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Epiglottis
A flap of tissue.
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Esophagus-
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
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Mucus
A thick, slippery substance produced by the body.
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-Peristalsis-
Involuntary waves of muscle contraction.
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Stomach-
A J shaped, muscular pouch located in the abdomen.
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What functions are carried out in the digestive system?-
It breaks down food into molecules the body can use, then molecules are absorbed into the blood, which carries it through the body to be made into waste.
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What roles do the mouth, esophagus, and stomach play in digestion?
The help break down the food so it can make the digestion process easier.
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Nutrient-
Substances in food that provide the raw materials and energy.
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Calorie-
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.
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-Carbohydrate-
Major source of energy.
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-Glucose-
The major source of energy for your body’s cell.
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-Protein-
Help with energy, tissue repair, and chemical reactions.
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-Amino acid-
Small units that make up proteins.
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-Vitamin-
Helper molecules in a variety of chemical reactions in the body.
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-Mineral-
Nutrients that are not made of living things.
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-Food Guide Pyramid-
Helps organize the amount and what you should eat daily.
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-Percent Daily Value-
Shows nutritional content of one serving fits into the recommended diet.
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-Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)-
The amounts of nutrients needed daily.
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Why does your body need food?-
Your food needs body for energy and chemical reactions and digestion.
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-How do the six nutrients needed by the body help carry out essential processes?-
They help give the body the correct amount of nutrients.
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-How can the Food Guide Pyramid and food labels help you have a healthy diet?-
They can help you decide how muchyou should have and how healthy/non-healthy something is.
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small intestine -
The part of the digestive system where most of the chemical digestion takes place
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liver -
Produces bile for the digestive system.-bile - A substance that breaks up fat particles
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bile -
A substance that breaks up fat particles
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gallbladder -
The organ that stores the bile
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pancreas -
Produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine and help break down starches, proteins and fats.
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villus -
Absorb nutrient molecules.-large intestine - Last section of digestive system
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large intestine
Last section of digestive system. -rectum - A small tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into a solid form
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rectum -
A small tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into a solid form
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-anus -
A muscular opening at the end of the rectum where waste is eliminated.
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What digestive processes occur in the small intestine, and how are other digestive organs involved?
Nutrient molecules pass from cells on the surface of a villus into blood vessels. The blood carries the nutrients throughout the body for use by body cells. The pancreas produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine and help break down starches, proteins and fats.
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What role does the large intestine play in digestion?
As material moves through the large intestine, water is absorbed into the blood stream. The remaining material will be eliminated by the body.
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