Biology: meiosis

Any chromosome that does not carry genes involved in determining the sex of an individual.

In a diploid organism, chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and gene content. Also called homologs.

A particular version of a gene.

The distinctive appearance of all of the chromosomes in an individual, including the number of chromosomes and their length and banding patterns (after staining with dyes).

The number of complete chromosome sets present. Haploid refers to a ploidy of 1; diploid, a ploidy of 2; triploid, a ploidy of 3; and tetraploid, a ploidy of 4.

The state of having more than two full sets of chromosomes.

• The paired strands of a recently replicated chromosome, which are connected at the centromere
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• A chromosome that has been copied; consis of two linear structures joined at the centromere
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• A chromosome that consists of a single copy
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• The chromosome copies in homologous chromosomes
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• Homologous chromosomes that are joined together
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The exchange of segments of non-sister chromatids between a pair of homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis I.