Any chromosome that does not carry genes involved in determining the sex of an individual.
what is a homologous chromosomes?
In a diploid organism, chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and gene content. Also called homologs.
what is an allele?
A particular version of a gene.
what is a karyotype?
The distinctive appearance of all of the chromosomes in an individual, including the number of chromosomes and their length and banding patterns (after staining with dyes).
what is a ploidy?
The number of complete chromosome sets present. Haploid refers to a ploidy of 1; diploid, a ploidy of 2; triploid, a ploidy of 3; and tetraploid, a ploidy of 4.
what is a polyploidy(adjective: polyploid)?
The state of having more than two full sets of chromosomes.
what is a sister chromatids?
The paired strands of a recently replicated chromosome, which are connected at the centromere
what is a replicated chromosome?
A chromosome that has been copied; consis of two linear structures joined at the centromere
what is a unreplicated chromosome?
A chromosome that consists of a single copy
what is a non-sister chromatids?
The chromosome copies in homologous chromosomes
what is a tetrad?
Homologous chromosomes that are joined together
what is crossing over?
The exchange of segments of non-sister chromatids between a pair of homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis I.