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mood disorder involving persistently depressed mood, with low self-esteem, withdrawal, pessimism, or despair present for at least 2 years, with no absense of symptoms for more than 2 months
dysthymic disorder
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severe mood disorder typified by major depressive episodes superimposed over a background of dysthymic disorder
double depression
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motor movement disturbanec seen in people with some psychoses and mood disorders in which body postures can be sculpted to remain fixed for long periods
catalepsy
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extreme reaction to the death of a loved one that involves psychotic feathers, suicidal ideation, or severe loss of weight or energy or taht persists of more than 2 months
pathological or impacted grief reaciton
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aternation of major depressive episodes with hyomanic episodes
bipolar II disorder
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alternation of major depressive episodes with full manic episodes
bipolar I disorder
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chronic mood disorder characterized by alternating mood elevation and depression levels that are not as sever as manic or major depressive episodes
cyclothymic disorder
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hormone that affects the brain and is increasingly the focus of stduy in psychopathology
neurohormones
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Martin Seligmans theory that people become anxious and depressed when they make an attribution that they have no control over the stress in their lives
learned helplessness theory of depression
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thinking errors by depressed people negatively focused in three areas: themselves, their immediate world, and their future
depressive cognitive triad
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medication used in the treatment of mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder, that is effective in preventing and treating pathological shifts in mood
mood-stabilizing drug
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biological treatment for severe chronic depressioon inovlving the application of electrical impulses throught the brain to produce seizures
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
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treatment approach that involves identifiying and altering negative thinking styles related to pschological disorders such as depression and anxiety and replacing them with more positive beliefs and attidues
cognitive therapy
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brief treatment approach that emphasizes resolution of interpersonal problems and stressors, such as role disputes in marital conflict, forming relationships in marriage, or a new job
interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)
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combination of continued psychosocial treatment, medication, or both designed to prevent relapse following therapy
maintenance treatment
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serious thoughts about committing suicde
suicidal ideation
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the formulation of a specific method of killing oneself
suicidal plans
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effort made to kill oneself
suicidal attempls
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postmortem psychological profile of a suicide victim constructed from interview with people who knew the person before death
psycholigcal autopsy
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consuming a thhird or more of daily food inake after the evening meal and getting out of bed at least once during the night to have a high calorie snack
night eating syndrome
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the surgical approach to extreme obesity, usually accomplished by stapling the stomach to create a small stomach pouch or bypassing the stomach through gastric bypass surgery
bariatric surgery
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problem in getting to sleep or in obtaining sleep of sufficient quality
dyssomnias
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abnormal behavior such as a nightmare or sleepwalking that occurs during sleep
parasomnias
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assessment of sleep disorders in which a client sleeping in the lab is monitored for heart, muscle, respiration, brain wave, and other functions
polysomnographic evaluation (PSG)
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small electronic device that is worn on the wrist like a watch and records body mvements
actigraph
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short, second long periods of sleep that occur when someone is deprived of sleep
microsleep
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person with insomnia, the worsening sleep problems taht can occur when medications are used to treat insomnia and the withdrawn.
rebound insomnia
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abnormally excessive sleep
hypersomnia
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disorder involving brief periods when breathing ceases during sleep
sleep apnea
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sleep disorder involving sudden and irresistible sleep attacks
narcolepsy
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individuals expressng behavior and attitudes consistently characteristic of the opposite sex
gender nonconformity
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sexual disorder or deviation in which sexual arrousal occurs almost exclusively in the context of inappropriate objects or individuals
paraphilias
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paraphilia in which the person gains esexual gratificaion by rubbing against unwilling victims in crowds from which they cannot escape
frotteurism
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cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce unwanted behaviors by having clients imagine the extremely aversive consequences of thee behaviors and establish negative rather than positive assocations with them
covert sensitization
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disorder of movement involving immobility or excited agitation
catatonia
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silly and immature emotionality, characteristic of some types of schizophrenia
hebephrenia
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