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The discovery and developement of raw or improved products, services, or processes for producing or providing them
Technological Innovation
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The application of scientific discoveries to the devlopement and improvement of products and services and operation processes
Technology
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A nonrepetative set of activities directed toward a unique goal within a limited time frame.
Project
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Linking key product or service requirements to process capabilities
Product or Service Profiling
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Machinery that has sensing and control devices that enable it to operate automatically
Automation
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The use of computers in process control
Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
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Machines that perform operations by following mathmatical processing instructions
Numerically controlled (N/C) machines
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A machine consisting of a mechanical arm, a power supply, and a controller
Robot
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Layout that uses standardized processing operations to achieve smooth, rapid, high-volume flow
Product Layout
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Standardized layout arranged according to a fixed sequence of production tasks
Production Line
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Standardized layout arranged according to a fixed sequence of assembly tasks
Assembly line
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layouts that can handle varied processing requirements
Process layouts
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Nonrepetitive processing
Intermittent processing
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layout in which the product or project remains stationary, and workers, materials, and equipment are moved as needed
fixed-position layout
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layout in which workstations are grouped into a cell that can process items that have similar processing requirements
Cellular production
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The grouping into parts families of items with similar design or manufacturing characteristics
Group Technology
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A group of machines designed to handle intermittent processing requirements and produce a variety of similar products
Flexible Manufacturing system (FMS)
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a system for linking a broad range of manufacturing activities through an intergrating computer system
Computer-intigrated manufacturing (CIM)
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The process of assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the workstations have approximately equal time requirements
Line balancing
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The maximum time allowed at each workstation to complete its set of tasks on a unit
Cycletime
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A diagram that shows elemental tasks and their precedence requirements
Precedence diagram
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Percentage of idle time of a line
Balance Delay
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Mathematical statement of profit (or cost, etc) for a given solution
Objective Function
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Amounts of either imputs or outputs
Decision Variables
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Limitations that restrict the available alternatives
Constraints
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The set of all feasible combinations of decision variables as defined by the constraints
Feasible Solution Space
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Graphical method for finding optimal solutions to two variable problems
Graphical Linear Programming
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A constraint that does not form a unique boundary of the feasible solution space
Redundant Constraint
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Substituting the coordinates of each corner point into the objective function to determine which corner point is optimal.
Enumeration approach
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A constraint that forms the optimal corner point of the feasible solution space
Binding constraint
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When the values of decisions variables are substituted into a _> constraint the amount by which the resulting value exceeds the right-side value
Surplus
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When the values of decision variables are substituted into a _< constraint the amount by which the resulting value is less than the right-side value
Slack
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A linear programming algorithm that can solve problems having more than two decision variables
Simplex
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Numerical Constants
Parameters
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Assessing the impact of potential changes to the numerical values of an LP model
Sensitivity analysis
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Range of values over which the solution quantities of all the decision variables remain the same.
Range of Optimality
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Amount by which the value of the objective function would change with a one-unit change in the RHS value of a constraint
Shadow Price
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Range of values for the RHS of a constraint over which the shadow price remains the same
Range of feasibility
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