renal/urology

• left is longer
• closer to midline
• sits higher than right one

• right kidney
• lowered by the liver

sympathetic nervous system

parasympathetic nervous system

production of urine

elimination of urine

1.detoxifies blood

2.eliminates waste

3.regulates blood pressure

intake/output

traditionallhy seen in all hospital clients

visualizes the bladder, if full or empty

important after removal of catheters

Dialysis:

semipermeable membrane

osmosis and diffusion (imitate normal renal function by eliminating excess body fluid)

used w/ Acute &/or Chronic kidney failure

used w/ End Stage renal disease

Limitations:

1. shortage of donors

2. rejection

3. lifelong medical

4. follow-up care

symptoms develop:

75% of filtration lost

rapid deterioration occurs w/ worsening symptoms as function decreases

can be fatal if condition in untreated

Toxins accumulate that produces physiological changes in all organ systems

End result of a gradual progressive loss of renal function

due to rapid progression after sudden onset

Diabetes

Hypertension

• other:
• chronic infection
• congenital abnormalities
• ascular disease
• obstructions
• collagen based diseases like lupus

Normal->80 ml/min

1.reduced renal reserve-40-70 ml/min

2.renal insufficiency-20-40 ml/min

3.renal failure-10-20 ml/min

4. end stage renal disease-less than 10ml/min

• dry mouth
• fatigue
• nausea
• confusion
• decreased output
• increased infection
• dark color urine-due to less diluteness

performed immediately

• requires less quipment
• requires small amount or no blood thinner

no blood loss

performed anywhere

allows for patient independence

lower infection

lower cost

3-5 hours per treatment

acts faster in acute situations

half the hours for maintenance when compared to peritoneal

requires surgical access route

comples

causes chronic infection

symptom control

minimizing complications

slowing the progression of the disease

1. decreased protein diet

2. fluid restriction

dialysis until transplant can occur