bio 130

Environmental factors that affect plant growth

hormones

* a hormone that enables plants to respond to seasonal changes in day length

light stimulates a conversion of phytochrome in an inactive form known as

what happens in the dark to P730?

the declination and accumulation of P660 and P730 results in what?

red light wave length

far-red radiation wave length

unusual growth pattern in which the petioles of leaves curve downward due to ethylene

simple way to study inheritance is by breeding parents that differ in a single characteristic

particular characteristic of an organism

having only one form of a gene

one of two or more known forms of a gene

breeds parents that differ in two ways

having two different forms of a gene for a trait

the allele that is expressed

the allele that is masked

recessive phenotype is observed only in

where the heterozygous individuals do exhibit an intermediate phenotype

What is a plant that is easily propagated by both sexual and asexula means?

observable trait

combination of genes that determines the inheritance of trait

results from the effects of its genotype interacting with its environment

directed evolution

selecting the most desirable plants and sowing their seeds to produce the next generation

chromosome behavior at mitosis

phenotypic comparisions of parents and offspring

response to selection

plants containing genes from different species

widely grown in commercial crop production

isolation of DNA from plant tissues

What can DNA be used for once extracted from cell?

What do we use to isolate the DNA from the onion?

the DNA molecule is composed of four different subunits called

chemical that protects the DNA from being degraded by enzymes

enzymes that degrade DNA

what is DNA insoluble in?

the technique that separates fragments of DNA according to size

the phosphate groups on DNA molecules confer what kind of charge?

Whats the dye used in agarose gel electrophoresis?

what light is used to see DNA in agarose gel electrophoresis?

what are the workhorses of genetic engineering research?

small circular pieces of DNA

what does bacteria take up and express?

In the Transgenic Organisms experiment what did the bacteria take up?

What is GFP?

Whats used to see the bacteria that absorbed the GFP gene?

What does the presence of aequorin with GFP do in jellyfish?

* bacteria cannot use for food
* uneffected by temperature
* soldifying material
* made like jello

pulls with electricity

(of plants, as the dicotyledons) having stems that grow by the addition of an annual layer of wood to the outside beneath the bark.
pertaining to plants having such stems.

growing or developing from within; originating within.
Biochemistry . pertaining to the metabolism of nitrogenous elements of cells and tissues.

to absorb or soak up, as water, light, or heat:

the first leaf above the ground, forming a sheath around the stem tip.

growing old; aging.

increased growth on the upper surface of an organ or part, causing it to bend downward.

a growth regulator used in major horticultural crops and cereals. It promotes ripening in tomatoes,

A genetically determined characteristic or condition

One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome

1. Having different alleles at one or more corresponding chromosomal loci.

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

The genetic makeup, as distinguished from the physical appearance, of an organism or a group of organisms.
The combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait.

The branch of biology that deals with heredity and the cellular components, particularly chromosomes, associated with heredity.

Of, relating to, or being an organism whose genome has been altered by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed

Any of several enzymes, such as endonucleases and exonucleases, that hydrolize nucleic acids.

An agent, such as a chemical, ultraviolet light, or a radioactive element, that can induce or increase the frequency of mutation in an organism.

A circular, double-stranded unit of DNA that replicates within a cell independently of the chromosomal DNA.

Emission of visible light by living organisms such as the firefly and various fish, fungi, and bacteria

the study of allele frequency distribution and change under the influence of the four main evolutionary processes: natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow. It also takes into account the factors of population subdivision and population structure. It attempts to explain such phenomena as adaptation and speciation.

the field of biology and genetics that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level. The field studies how the genes are transferred from generation to generation

the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes or transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.
* by being transcribed into RNA, and this RNA is then translated into protein