ART EXAM 2-TERMS

paint made of egg (yolk)

dries immediately

mixed fresh for each session

used since the 15th century

oil was used as a binder (linseed oil)

Jan van Eyck

pigments suspended in a acrylic polymer resin

about 1950

dry quickly, easy clean up

dry similar to oil paint

suspend pigment in water with a sticky binder, gum arabic

transparent

painted on paper, white is unpainted paper

pigment suspended in water with sticky binder, gum arabic

an additive (often chalk) make this opaque

on paper, white gouache can be used to cover areas of watercolor that become too dark

dry media, graphite

degrees of hardness B softer (darker, black), H harder (light)

dry media, silver wire set in a holder

silver tanishes so the image becomes darker and more pronouced over time

on wood primed with bone ash

dry media, smudges easily, soft material, strong dark value

make something look solid rather than linear

• vine charcoal from vine branches, soft and easily erased
• compressed charcoal binding agent such as wax make this denser

combining of pigment & binder

Chalk is powdered calcium carbonate mixed with a gum arabic (a type of tree sap) binder

combining of pigment & binder

pigment combined with gum arabic, wax, or oil, while crayon is pigment combined with wax

combining of pigment & binder

• Conté crayon is a heavily pigmented crayon
• sometimes manufactured with graphite

wet media, permanence, precision, and strong dark color

• carbon ink-soot, water and gum (China)
• India- contemporary, comic books
• iron gall ink- European from the Ren.

wet media, Chinese, brush and ink

brushes made of bamboo shaft and ox, goat, horse, or wolf hair

solid ink ground on a stone with little water, wet the brush

register the essential qualities of three-dimensional form by rendering the outline, or contour, of an object

• to sharpen hand–eye coordination and gain an intimate
• understanding of form, increasing his or her sensitivity to essential detail

aims to identify and react to the main visual and expressive characteristics of a form

• artists often confront changing subjects and situations,
• capturing the energy of the moment is the essential goal of gesture drawing

Projection of outside scene

First drawn, then captured on light-sensitive material

Room-sized then portable (eighteenth-century) camera obscura

a positive/negative film process of photography

Both the process and the product

Created by gluing together separate materials on a single support

Can be made with photo-based materials, Called photocollage

idea behind the art is the most important

often requires the viewer to complete the piece

no permanent arkwork

in front of a live audience, rarely repeated

all kinds of actions

ususally in an art-related venue

choreographs an entire space not just a single work

viewers can walk through

multi-media, construction of a space or the assembly of objects to create an environment; we are encouraged to experience the work physically using all our senses, perhaps entering the work itself

• Sculpture made to be seen from many sides
• made so that we can move around them

• specifically designed for viewing from one side
• protrudes from or is sunk into a surface

very little depth (bas-relief)


sculptor’s marks are shallow

a great deal of depth

incise the surface more deeply

a sculptor uses a tool to carve, drill, chisel, chip, whittle, or saw away unwanted material

modeling, casting, or constructing, sculptors add material to make the final artwork

sculptures that used the surface of the Earth itself as material: this was additive sculpture on a very large scale

collaboration of many artists and workers

represent a harmony between nature and humanity

variety of methods to create and put together their components

proliferated with the growth of standardized, engineered materials, such as sheet metals and plastics

architect must create a span, or a distance between two supports ina structure, creating an interior space

the lintel rests ontop of two posts

placing a heavy coverage of ink on a wide variety of surfaces

developed in China