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Biceps of elbow
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- brachioradial muscles
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actions of the elbow
flexion, extension, flexion, pronation
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Olecranon Bursitis
- acute or chronic injury, direct blow
- pain, swelling, tenderness
- cold compress, aspiration, padding
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Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis elbow)
- chronic due to repetitive forearm flexion & extension, one of most common injuries of elbow
- aching pain in region of lateral epicondyle, weakness in hand & wrist
- RICE, NSAIDS, ROM exercises, deep massage
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Medial epicondylitis
- irritation & inflammation of medial epidondyle cause from sports requiring repeated forceful flexion of wrist
- pain around epicondyles of humerus produced during forceful wrist flexion & extension, point tenderness, mild swelling
- sling, cryotherapy, ultrasound
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Elbow dislocation
- fall of outstretched arm
- rupturing & tearing of most ligaments, swelling, severe pain, disability, deformity
- cold & pressure, sling, physician, immobilize for 3 weeks
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elbow sprain
- hyperextension or force that bends or twists lower arm outward
- hemorrhage, point tenderness
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Volkmann's Contracture
- associated with humeral supracondylar fracture which causes muscle spasm, swelling or bone pressure
- claw hand
- close monitoring, remove of elastic wraps, casts, elevation of the part
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Forearm splints
- severe static contraction (gymnasts, wrestlers)
- dull ache in forearm, weakness, extreme pain during contraction
- symptomatic, RICE
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Colles fracture
- most common type of fracture, involve lower end of radius & ulna
- Fall On Outstretched Arm (FOOSH), forces radius & ulna back and up
- visible deformity to wrist, swelling
- cold compress, splint, x-ray, immobilized 1-2 months
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- anterior aspect of wrist, occurs from repeated wrist flexion, inflammation of tendons compress median nerve
- sensory & motor deficits, tingling, numbness
- rest, immobilization, NSAIDS, possible surgery
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De Quervains Disease
- constant wrist movement, first tunnel of wrist becomes contracted & narrowed as result of inflammation of synovial lining
- aching pain radiating into hand & forearm, movements increase pain, point tenderness
- immobile, rest, cold therapy, NSAIDS
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Wrist Ganglia
- synovial cyst, appears after wrist strain, contains fluid
- occasional pain with lump at site, soft or rubbery
- aspiration, chemical cauterization, pressure pad
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Mallet Finger
- common in baseball and basketball, blow from thrown ball that strikes finger, jamming extensor tendon
- pain at distal interphalangeal joint, x-ray
- RICE
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Boutonniere Deformity
- rupture of extensor tendon of middle phalanx
- severe pain & disability, inability to extend PIP joint, swelling, tenderness
- cold app followed by splinting PIP joint into extension
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Gamekeeper's Thumb
- sprain of ulnar collateral ligament of the MCP joint of thumb - skiers, tackle football players
- pain over ulnar collateral ligament with weak and painful pinch, tenderness, swelling
- physician, x-ray, splint thumb (3 weeks)
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Dislocation of fingers
- high rate of occurence in sports, most in collision or contact sports
- pain, swelling, obvious deformity
- reduce, RICE, splint, buddy taping
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