-
Diaper Rash
- most common form of rash
- fungal- results from antibiotic therapy
- 35% of kids have some type of diaper rash
- worse for 9-12 months
-
-
Nursing for Diaper Rash
- barriers
- fungal infection (redness and itching)
-
Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
- -dermatologic disease not due to a specific etiology
- -not contagious
- -usually starts in infancy and has hereditary tendency
- -associated with allergies
- -can be a rash on the face
-
3 Factors of Eczema
- alterations in perspiration
- peripheral vascular function
- heat tolerance
-
Nursing for Eczema
- skin needs to be hydrated
- exacerbates in summer and during winter with heater
- after bath immediately apply lotion (w/i 3 minutes)
- relieve pruritus- mittens, medications (esp at night)
- reduce flare-ups/inflammation-slow introduction of foods, avoid irritants (clothes, toys, etc)
- prevent and control secondary infections
-
Pediculosis Capitis (Lice)
- parasite that sucks blood from head
- life span 1 month; however, only lives 48 hrs when not on host
- eggs (nits) hatch after 7-10 days
- removal with pesticides, nits are removed w/ fine comb
- to get rid of lice clean anything with head contact
- getting lice is not due to being dirty or poor; anyone can get lice
- can go back to school after one tx
- occipital area, nape of the nape, behind ears
-
Scabies
- parasite that burrows uder top layer of skin to lay eggs and bury feces causing severe itching and maculopapular lesions
- takes 30-60 days for itching and lesions to show after exposure
- treated with medicated ointment and cleaning of all bedding
- Children under 2: feet and ankles
- Children older than 2: between fingers and wrists, under arms and inguinal region
-
Burns
- PREVENTION
- children <2 yrs work-up for abuse
- scale burn most common burn <4 yrs
- males (2-5yrs) greatest risk for playing w/ matches (cause 1 in 10 house fires)
- swelling from burns will not occur until later
-
Types of Burns
- scald
- sunburn
- electrical
- chemical
- radiation- usually due to txs
-
Basic Burn Care
- Stop burning process
- Maintian airway
- Protection of burn area/infection
- Pain (insert IV-morphine)
- Fluids- kids have a greater risk for dehydration
- Family- guilt and anger
- Long Term Emotional Care
-
Kids: "Rule of 1"
palm of hand = 1%
|
|