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Harlem Renaissance
A period when African American's created noteworthy works of art, literature and music.
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Immigration Act (1921)
maximum of 357,000 new immigrants each year
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Open shop
factory of business employing workers whether or not they are union members; in practice, such a business usually refuses to hire union members and follows antiunion policies.
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League of Women Voters
League formed in 1920 advocating for woman's rights, among them the right for woman to serve on juries and equal pay laws.
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Volstead Act
Defined liquor forbidden by the 18th amendment and gave enforcement responsibilities to the prohibition Bureau of treasury Dept.
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welfare capitalism
A paternalistic system of labor relations emphasizing management responsibility for employee well-being Insurance, medical services, sports
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“The American Plan”
Purpose was to associate unionism with foreign and un-American ideas Encouraged the open shop. A business or factory that does not require its workers to join a union.
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Warren G. Harding
Republican President, " I have said to the people we mean to have less Government in business as well as more business in government." slogan "return to Normalcy" School teacher Editor of Marion, Ohio, Star Harry Daugherty - Harding " looking like a president ought to look" Harding elected to state senate, then lieutenant governor Harding lost bid to become governor of Ohio Elected in 1914 Present half the time Did not vote 35% of the time Did not introduce legislation His
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Ohio gang
Harry Daugherty - Attorney General Jesse Smith - Justice Dept Albert Fall - Secretary of interior Bill Wrigley - Businessman
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Teapot Dome Scandal
Albert Fall, secretary of the interior persuaded secretary of the Navy Edwin Denby to turn over the navy oil reserves to the dept of the interior. Leased Elk Hills to Edwin Doheny of Pan American oil company for $100,000 loan Leased teapot Dome to harry Sinclair
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Andrew Mellon
Secretary of Treasury, Laissez - faire philosophy, Tax reductions for wealthy and corporations
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Calvin Coolidge
President "the business of the United States is Business." "the man who builds a factory builds a temple."
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Herbert Hoover
influential secretary of commerce, a successful engineer, administrator and Politian.
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Dawes Plan
Herbert Hoover and banker Charles Dawes Reduced Germany's debt Lengthened period for repayment Arrange to loan money to Germany
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
Is evidence that the United States has been willing to cooperate with other nations to reduce world tensions. U.S. secretary of state Fran Kellogg and French foreign minster
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Will Hays
censorship of American films, chairman of the Republican National Committee U.S. Postmaster General from After a year in office, he resigned to become the choice of the Hollywood movie studios to become the first president of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America
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Eighteenth Amendment
The banning manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages Jan. 1920.
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Twenty-first Amendment
Ended Prohibition.
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Reed-Johnson National Origins Act (1924)
Immigration Act of 1924 - revised quotas to 2% of natives counted in 1890 census ( favored Northern and Western Europe).
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Scopes “monkey trial”
Arrested and charged for teaching evolution in school, it was one of the first broadcasted trials. Scopes was found guilty but it was over turned on a technicality.
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Equal Rights Amendment
Section 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Section 2. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.
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Marcus Garvey
founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). He founded the Black Star Line, part of the Back-to-Africa movement,
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Sacco and Vanzetti
anarchists who were convicted of murdering two men during a 1920 armed robbery in South Braintree, Massachusetts, United States. After a controversial trial and a series of appeals, the two Italian immigrants were executed on August 23, 1927.
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Election of 1928
A compromise candidate "he the best of the second raters" pitted Republican Herbert Hoover against Democrat Al Smith. Hoover won a landslide victory.
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Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith
Became hired as a federal agents Moe was his friend who he got a job. They had a 95% conviction rate with people selling alcohol.
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Will Rogers
Humorist - " Let Wall Street have a nightmare and the whole country has to help them back in bed again."
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The Fall
- Mrs. Harding suspect husband of affair
- President in debt $ 180,000
- Newspapers begin criticizing the president and his cronies
- President suspects friend of wrongdoing
- Forbes resigned under threat of senate
- Jesse commits suicide
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Who were the biggest movie stars of the
1920s?
- Charlie Chaplin
- Clara Bow - The "it" Girl, It, Wings
- Douglas Fairbanks- action films the mask of zero
- Mary Pickford - "America's Sweetheart" The Poor Little Rich Girl, Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm
- Rudolph Valentino - Romantic Leading man, The four horsemen of the apocalypse
- Cecil B. DE Mille - The Ten Commandments , the king of kings
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Why did Hollywood become the center for movie making?
- Climate
- Geography
- Labor force willing to work for low wages
- Open land just outside of Los Angeles
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The Studios
- The big five - Metro-Goldwyn - Meyer, Warner Brothers, Paramount, Radio-Keith-Orpheum( RKO) , Twenty Century - Fox
- The Little Three- Colombia, universal, united artist
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Hollywood Scandals
Roscoe "Fatty Arbuckle
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The Hays Office
Will Hays left his position as a postmaster general to become the " movie czar" Industry self-censorship - evil must never be attractive and must e punished
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Changes made during the “second industrial revolution.”
Electricity replaced steam Older machinery replaced with more efficient models Mass productions techniques applied to consumer - durable goods ( prices affordable)
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Henry Ford introduce to the auto industry?
Highways built Rural areas stay in touch with the city Suburbs developed Supporting industries grow Perishable foods speedily marketed "Parlors" on wheels" created Camping craze began Car became symbol of freedom
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New corporate ideal
- salaried executives, plant managers and engineers made policy without having controlling interest in the company
- Successful companies led in
- Integration of production and distribution
- Product diversification
- Industrial research
- Chain Stores
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Henry Ford and the Model T
First affordable car
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Veteran's Bureau Scandal
Charles Forbes, Director Cross-Country trip to pick veteran's hospitals Sold surplus items and kept the money
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