Athletic Training

  1. Bones of knee
    • tibia
    • fibula
    • femur
    • patella
  2. Hamstrings
    • Semitendinosus
    • Semimembranosus
    • Biceps Femoris
  3. Quadriceps
    • Vastus Medialis
    • Vastus Intermedius
    • Rectus Femoris
    • Vastus Lateralis
  4. Ligaments
    • Posterior Cruciate Ligament
    • Anterior Cruciate Ligament
    • Medial Collateral Ligament
    • Lateral Collateral Ligament
  5. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
    • Most often injured ligament
    • attaches laterally to inner surface of lateral condyle
    • prevents femur from moving posteriorly
    • stabilizes tibia against excessive internal rotation
  6. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
    • Primary stabilizer of knee
    • Stronger of the two
    • prevents hyperextension of knee and femur
  7. Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
    • Prevents knee from valgus and external rotating forces
    • Sprain from violently adducted and internally rotated knee
  8. Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
    • Taut during knee extension, relaxed during flexion
    • prevents against lateral trauma
  9. Bursa
    • function: reduce friction between anatomical structures
    • flattened sac of synovial tissue
  10. What is the largest fat pad?
    Infrapatellar
  11. What ligaments are helped by a brace?
    MCL and LCL
  12. MCL Sprain
    Direct blow from lateral side in medial direction
  13. LCL Sprain
    Varus force, often with tibia internally rotated
  14. Treatment for Collateral Ligament Sprains?
    • Crutches
    • RICE
    • Refer to physician
    • Strengthening exercises
    • Protective brace
  15. ACL Sprain
    • Sustain injury from direct blow to knee or from hyperextension with the foot planted
    • Athlete hears pop and feels it "coming apart"
    • RICE, crutches, surgery, 4-6-9 month rehab
    • surgery 1-2 weeks after injury
    • graft weakest at 10 weeks
  16. PCL Sprain
    • Most risk when knee is flexed 90 deg.
    • feels pop in back of knee, swelling in popliteal fossa (back of knee)
    • RICE, rehab, non-operative grade 1 or 2, surgery grade 3
  17. Meniscal Lesions
    • Medial has higher incidence than lateral, cutting motion while running
    • swelling over 48-72 hours, pain, loss of motion
    • MRI
  18. Joint Contusion
    • Blow struck against the muscles crossing knee joint
    • Bruises, severe pain, loss of movement
    • RICE, protective padding when return
    • functional use 24-48 hours after trauma if cared immediately
  19. Bursitis
    • continous kneeling
    • localized swelling, redness, increased temp,
    • eliminate cause, compression wraps, NSAIDS
  20. Chondromalacia
    • softening and deterioration of cartilage on back of patella
    • pain in anterior knee while walking, running, up & down stairs
    • avoidance of irritating activities, rehab, NSAIDS, knee sleeve
  21. Patellarfemoral Stress Syndrome
    • Patellar tracking problems, tight hams and gastroc
    • tight IT band, VMO and hip adductor weakness
    • tenerness of lateral facet of patella, swelling
    • strengthening program for adductor muscles, orthotics, McConnell Taping
  22. Osgood-Schlatter's
    • Adolescents knee-repeated avulsion of patellar tendon
    • swelling, hemorrhage, gradual degeneration, pain
    • decrease in stressful activities (6 to 12 months), ice before and after activities, strengthen quad and hams
  23. Patellar Tendonitis
    • repetitive jumping, running, kicking
    • pain, tenderness at inferior pole of patella
    • NSAIDS, ice, reduce jumping, strengthen, modalities
  24. Genu Valgum
    • knocked knees
    • pronated feet
  25. Genu Varum
    bowlegs
  26. Genu Recurvatum
    hyperextended knees
Author
wssokol
ID
144530
Card Set
Athletic Training
Description
Knee
Updated