-
Collembola
Springtails
- non-insect hexapod
- "glue bolt"
- spring up to 75-100mm
- found in freshwater pools and under sinks
-
Thysanura
Silverfish
- 3 caudal filaments
- feed on detritus
- found in basements and along baseboards
-
Ephemeroptera
Mayflies
- 3 caudal filaments
- not good flyers
- adults mate and die
- nymphs are: aquatic, feed on detritus and leaf litter
- chewing mouthparts and gills on their abdomen
- found in fast moving streams and good water quality indicators
-
Odonata
Dragonflies/Damselflies
- predaceous/chewing mouthparts
- large compound eyes
- long membranous wings with many veins
- not good walkers
- internal rectal gills
- Damselflies
- aquatic, predaceous
- spend several years as immatures
- 3 caudal gills
-
Phasmida
Stick Bugs
- herbivores
- wings reduced or abscent
- can regenerate lost limbs
- many forms
-
Orthoptera
Grasshoppers, Crikets & Katydids
- herbivores
- chewing mouthparts
- enlarged rear femurs
- leathery front wings
- membranous rear wings
- long ovipositor
-
Mantodea
Praying Mantis
- predaceous/chewing mouthparts
- raptorial forelegs
- only insect that can look over its shoulder
- eggs deposited in an egg case
-
Blattaria
Cockroaches
- detritivores/chewing mouthparts
- cantaminate food with smelly fical matter
- thich forewing
- membranous rear wing
- fast runners and run away from light
-
Plecoptera
Stoneflies
- Adults
- short lived
- poor flyers
- diurnal
- most don't feed
- 2 caudal filaments
- Nymphs
- some predaceous
- herbivores, omnivores
- aquatic and flat
- 2 caudal filaments
- water quality indicators
-
Isoptera
Termites
- chewing/cellulose consumers
- symbiotic protozoan
- soft bodied and pale
- cause billions of dollars in damage
- have 3 castes (worker, solider, & wing reproductive)
-
Dermaptera
Earwigs
- chewing
- most are detritivores
- nocturnal
- wings reduced
- cerci well developed
- female (straight) Male (curved)
-
Hemiptera
True Bugs
- Piercing sucking mouthparts
- most are predaceous
- come to surface to breathe
- wings form an "X"
-
Homoptera
Cicada, Whiteflies, Aphids, Scales etc.
- all are plant feeders
- front wing is either all membranous or leathery
- wings held "roof like" or "tent like"
-
Neuroptera
Alderflies, Dobsonflies, Fishflies, Snakeflies, Lacewings, Antlions and Owlflies
- wings are membranous and heavily veined
- most larvae are predaceous
-
Cleoptera
Beetles and Weevils
- front wings (elytra) hard covers that protect rear wings
- elytra splits right down the middle
- rear wing is membranous
- chewing mouthparts
- a large and diverse group
-
Diptera
True Flies
- Front wings well developed, rear wing modified into a club like organ, the halteres (balance)
- great flyers
- very large order
- mouthparts diverse
-
Trichoptera
Caddisflies
- adults have triangular hairy wings
- larvae are aquatic, casemakers, detritivores, indicate clean water
-
Lepidoptera
Butterflies & Moths
- Butterflies
- silk producers, herbivores
- 5% lepidoptera
- clubbed antenna
- skippers are clubbed and hooked
- Moths
- 95% of lepidoptera
- plumose antennae
- larvae- chewing mouthparts
- pupa- spin a cacoon or chrysalis
- adults- coiled nector
-
Hymenoptera
Bees, Wasps, Ants, and Sawflies
- chewing mouthparts
- parasitoids & predators
- most highly evolved
- many species are social
- diverse group
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