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Abducens nerve (VI) innervates?
lateral rectus
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Trochlear nerve (IV) innvervates?
Superior oblique
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Occulomotor nerve (III)
- Superior, inferior and medial recti
- inferior oblique
- levator palpebrae superioris (small, inferior smooth muscle portion is innverated by sympathetic fibers)
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Tendon of superior oblique pathway
passes through a fibrocartilaginous pulley or trochlea attached to the nasal side of the orbital margin.
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Ape of tongue
the free portion of tongue
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root of tongue
inferiorly where vessels and nerves enter and where there are muscular attachments to bone
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Median fibrous septum
divides the tongue into right and left halves
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tongue innervated by?
hypoglossal nerve (XII)
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What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue
- genioglossus - large fan-shaped
- hyoglossus
- syloglossus
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Movements of the extrinsic mucles of tongue
move the tongue in and out, up and down.
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movement of intrinsic muscles of tongue
alter the shape of the tongue
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lateral cervical muscles are?
trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
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what divides the two triangles of the neck
sternocleidomastoid
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Anterior triangle boundaries
- ANT - midline of the neck
- LAT - sternocleidomastoid
- Superiorly - mandible
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POST trianlge boundaries
- Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius muscles
- middle 1/3 of clavicle inferiorly
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hyoid bone
- horseshoe-shaped bone lying above the thyroid cartilage of the larynx.
- Attachments for the infrahyoid and suprahyoid muscles
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Swallowing muscles involved
- the suprahyoid muscles elevate the hyoid, base of tongue, and larynx,
- then infrahyoid muscles depress the hyoid and larynx
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What forms the ansa cervicalis
- a loop formed by branches from the ventral rami of C1-3.
- superior root from C1 and inferior root from C2-3.
- C1 "piggy backs on the hypoglossal nerve and then jumps off to innervate the thyrohoid and geniohyoid muscles.
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interscalene triangle formed by?
elongated tringular space formed by the ANT and MID scalenes and the subclavian groove of the first rib.
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What passes through the interscalene triangle?
roots of the brachial plexus
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