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What is a neuron?
A neuron is the primary function unit of the nervous system.
It allows us to sense and react to our enviroment
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What do you know about cerbral spinal fluid?
- -150ml circulating at all times
- - circulates through 4 ventricles in subarachniod space
- - cushions the brain
- -clear, colorless
- -produced at same rate of absorption
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What makes up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
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How many vertbrea do we have?
- 7 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
- 5 (fused) sacral
- 4 (fused) coccyx
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What bones protect the brain?
- 14 facial bones and 8 cranial bones
- Cushioned by CSF
- protective membrane called the mennigies
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What are the three layers of the mennigies?
- Dura- thick and strong most outer layer
- Arachniod- delicate (resembles a spider web houses csf, veins and arteries
- Pia matter- hugs all the folds of the brain (inner most layer)
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What 3 things does a neuron do?
- Generates impulses
- Transmits impulses to other parts of the cell
- Infulences neurouns through electrochemical impulses via neuro transmitter
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What are some excitory neurotransmitters?
- acetocholine
- norepinephrine
- serotonin
- dopimine
- glutamate
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What are some inhibitory neurotransmitters?
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How much cardiac output does the brain recieve at any given time?
about 15%
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What is the circle of willis?
A circle of veins and arteries in the brain that can reroute blood if there is an obstruction
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What is the Blood brain barrier?
- capillaries in the brain with tight junctions to feed good stuff into the brain and keep bad stuff out.
- can be altered by trama, edema, and hypoxia
- some medications can not cross the blood brain barrier
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How many lobes are in the brain?
8, four on each hemisphere
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What is the cerebral cortex?
made up of gray matter which is grey matter (cell bodies), and white matter (axons of neurons)
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What is the frontal lobe responsible for?
higher cognitive function, thought, memory, personality, movement, voluntary motor, has Broccas area.
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What does Broccas area do?
responsible for expressive / motor speech.
(Makes words)
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What is the parital lobe responsible for?
sensory, spatial: associaed with movement, orientaion, recognition, perception of stimuli
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What is occicipatial lobe responsable for?
- associated with visual processing.
- Tells us what we are seeing
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What is temporal lobe responsible for?
- intergation of somatic, visual, and auditory data
- gives us memories of taste, touch, sound and sight (deja vu)
- Houses wernikies area (on left)
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What does wernikies area do?
speech interpitation, auditory comprehension
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What are functioning units of the cerebrum?
- basal ganglia
- thalmus
- hypothalmus
- Limbic system
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What does basal ganglia do?
- controls, facilitates learned and autonomic movements
- deep in brain base
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What does the thalmus do?
relays sensory and motor inputs to the cortex
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What does the hypothalmus do?
regulates endocrine and autonomic functions
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What does limbic system do?
emotional behaviors, feeding self, sexual behaviors
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