Skeletal system&arthrology

  1. What is the study of movement/motion?
    kinesiology

    includes: anatomy, physiology, physics, geometry, biomechanics
  2. What is biomechanics?
    mechanical principles that relate to the human body

    includes static and dynamic
  3. What means not moving or at rest?
    static
  4. What means moving and is associate with various activities?
    dynamics
  5. What are the 2 subdivisions of dynamics?
    • kinetics
    • kinematics
  6. What are the forces causing movement?
    kinetics
  7. What is the time, space, and mass aspects of a moving system that describes positions and motions of the body?
    kinematics
  8. What three things will tell you muscle actions?
    • -what motions a particular joint follows
    • -a muscle must span a particular joint to cause motion
    • -line of pull of a muscle
  9. What is another name for linear motion, and what are the 2 subdivisions?
    translatory

    • rectilinear
    • curvillinear
  10. What type of motion occurs more or less in a straight line from 1 location to another?
    linear
  11. What type of movement occurs in a straight line? in a curved path?
    • rectilinear - straight
    • curcillinear - curved
  12. What is another name for rotary motion?
    angular
  13. What is the movement around a fixed point?
    rotary/angular
  14. What are the functions of the skeletal system?
    • -support for soft tissues
    • -movement(bones serve as levers and joints as fulcrums)
    • -protection (vital organs)
    • -mineral storage (calcium and phosphorus)
    • -production of blood cells (hematopoiesis)
    • -provides shape
  15. What are the 2 types of skeletons?
    • axial
    • appendicular
  16. What is the axial skeleton?
    upright part of body; 80 bones in the head, thorax, and trunk (down to the sacrum)
  17. What is the appendicular skeleton?
    126 bones of the extremities
  18. What is compact bone?
    cortical

    • -hard, dense, outer shell
    • -completely covers bone
    • -thick along shaft and plates of flat bones
    • -thin at ends of long bones
  19. What is cancellous bone?
    trabecullar

    • -porous, spongy, inside portion
    • -same material as compact, but more porous and contains less solid material
    • -loose mesh structure or pores filled with marrow-lighter
    • -makes up most of the articular ends of bones
  20. what is the area at each end of the diaphysis and is wider than the shaft?
    epiphysis

    • adult bones-osseous
    • growin bones-cartilaginous (epipyseal plate)
  21. What manufactures new bone?
    epiphyseal plate
  22. What is the main shaft of the bone and is primarily compact?
    diaphysis
  23. What is the pasage for nutrient arteries?
    medullary canal
  24. What is for bone resorption?
    endosteum
  25. What is primarily cancellous, and provides support?
    metaphysis
  26. What is the thin fibrous membrane that covers all the outside of the bone except the articular surfaces and has attachments for tendons and ligaments?
    periosteum
  27. What is a long bone?
    length > width

    • femur
    • humerus

    *for weight bearing; have condyles, tubercles, and tuberosities which serve as attachments for tendons and ligaments
  28. What is a short bone?
    dimensions are equal, cubical shaped

    • carpals
    • tarsals
  29. What are flat bones?
    broad surface, not thick

    scapula, ilium
  30. What are irregular bones?
    variety of mixed shaped

    sacrum, vertebra
  31. What are sesamoid bones?
    small bones resembling sesame seeds, located where tendons cross long bones, and they change the angle of attachment and protect from excessive wear

    patella
Author
jpowell22
ID
144267
Card Set
Skeletal system&arthrology
Description
FA
Updated