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Cardiovascular System
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What is the average size of an adult heart?
14 centimeters long
9 centimeters wide
where does the base of the heart lie?
beneath the 2nd rib
covering that encloses the heart and the proximal ends of the large blood vessels to which it attaches
pericardium
outer fibrous bag that surrounds a more delicate, double layered serous membrane
fibrous pericardium
innermost layer of serous membrane that covers the heart
visceral pericardium
the visceral pericardium turns back upon itself and forms the inner lining of the fibrous pericardium
parietal pericardium
forms a protective outer covering;secrets serous fluid
epicardium
contracts to pump blood from the heart chambers
myocardium
forms a protective inner lining of the chambers and valves
endocardium
receives blood from the venae cavae and coronary arteries
right atrium
guards the right atrioventrivular orifice
tricuspid valve
pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
right ventricle
guards the base of the pulmonary trunk
pulmonary valve
receives blood from the pulmonary veins
left atrium
guards left atrioventricular orifice
mitral valve
pumps blood into the aorta
left ventricle
guards base of the aorta
aortic valve
earlike structures; the parts of the heart that form the walls of the atria
auricles
mark the septum that seperates the right and left ventricles
anterior and posterior interventricular sulci
prevents blood from moving from right ventricle into right atrium during ventricular contraction
right atrioventricular orifice
tricuspid valve
prevents blood from moving from pulmonary trunk into right ventricle during ventricular relaxation
entrance to pulmonary trunk
pulmonary valve
prevents blood from moving from left ventricle into left atrium during ventricular contraction
left atrioventricular orifice
mitral valve
prevents blood from moving from aorta into left ventricle during ventricular relaxation
entrance to aorta
aortic valve
pathway of blood through the heart
VC
RA
RV
PT
PA
alveolar capillaries
PV
LA
LV
Aorta
connections between vessels that provide alternate pathways for blood
anastomosis
How is blood supplied to the tissues of the heart?
left and right coronary arteries
about _______% of blood from the atria passes into the ventricles before the atrial walls contract
70
ther period during which a hear chamber is contracting is called
systolic
the period during which a heart chamber is relaxing is called
diastolic
during ventricular contraction, the AV valves are _____
closed
during ventricular relaxation the AV valves are
open
the pulmonary and aortic valves open when the pressure in the __________ exceeds the pressure in the pulmonary trunk and aorta
ventricles
heart sounds are due to ________ in heart tissues created by changes in blood flow
vibrations
the first sound of a cardiac cycle occurs when the ____ are closing
AV
The second sound of the cardiac cycle occurs when the ______ are closing
semilunar valve
the sound created when blood leaks back through an incompletely closed valve is called a _____
murmer
a mass of merging cells that act as a unit is called
functional syncytium
Author
Anonymous
ID
14402
Card Set
Cardiovascular System
Description
Cardiovascular System
Updated
2010-04-14T01:37:50Z
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