med term 9

gland

adrenal glands

anterior, front

calcium

cerebrum

brain

glue; neuroglial tissue

sugar, sweetness

sugar, sweetness

extremities

cancer

bladder

cell

skin

intestine (usually small intestine)

stomach

blood

liver

meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord)

meninges (membranes covering brain & spinal cord)

bone marrow; spinal cord

nerve

pancreas

thymus gland

thyroid gland

blood vessel

sweat

kidney

kidney

testis (plural, testes)

back (of body), behind, posterior

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

spine

blood clot

poison

excision, removal

separation; destruction; loosening

fixation (of an organ)

pain

thirst

blood condition

forming, producing, origin

glue; neuroglial tissue

abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

condition

inflammation

stone, calculus

specialist in study of

study of

enlargement

withou, not

bad; painful; difficult

within

instrument to cut

incision

softening

resembling

tumor

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily w/ blood cells)

disease

decrease, deficiency

swallowing, eating

speech

paralysis

bursting forth (of)

discharge, flow

urine

excessive, above normal

under, below, deficient

near, beside; beyond

relatively uncommon chronic disorder caused by deficiency of cortical hormones that results when the adrenal cortex is damaged or atrophied

cluster of symptoms caused by excessive amounts of cortisol or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) circulating in the blood

chronic metabolic disorder of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism due to insufficient production of insulin or the body's inability to utilize insulin properly

form of diabetes mellitus that is abrupt in onset and is due to the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin, making this type of disease difficult to regulate

form of diabetes mellitus that is gradual in onset and results from the body's deficiency in producing enough insulin or resistance to the action of insulin by the body's cells

abnormal protrusion of the eyeball(s), possibly due to thyrotoxicosis, tumor of the orbit, orbital cellulitis, leukemia, or aneurysm

multisystem autoimmune disorder that involves growth of the thyroid (hyperthyroidism) associated w/ hypersecretion of thyroxine; aka exophthalmic goiter, thyrotoxicosis, or toxic goiter

tumor of the islets of Langerhans; aka pancreatic tumor

advanced hypothyroidism in adults that results from hypofunction of the thyroid gland and affects body fluids, causing edema and increasing blood volume and increasing blood pressure

excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body's skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal body weight

body mass index (BMI) of 40 or greater, which is generally 100lb or more over ideal body weight

total pituitary impairment that brings about a progressive and general loss of hormone activity

small chromaffin cell tumor, usually located in the adrenal medulla

any disorder of the pituitary gland and its function

chronic, organic mental disorder that is a progressive form of presenile dementia caused by atrophy of the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain

disorder affecting the central nervous system that is characterized by recurrent seizures

hereditary nervous disorder caused by the progressive loss of brain cells, leading to bizarre, involuntary, dancelike movements

cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid w/in the ventricles of the brain

progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, hardening, and loss of myelin throughout te spinal cord and brain, which produces weakness and other muscle symptoms

malignant tumor composed principally of cells resembling neuroblasts

partial or complete loss of motor function; aka paralysis

facial paralysis on one side of the face because of inflammation of a facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), most likely caused by a viral infection

bilateral, symmetrical, nonprogressive motor dysfunction and partial paralysis, which is usually caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth trauma but can also be hereditary

loss of muscle function, loss of sensation, or both

progressive, degenerative neurological disorder affecting the portio of the brain responsible for controlling movement

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve, which travels from the hip to the foot

convulsion or other clinically detectable event caused by a sudden discharge of electrical activity in the brain that may be classified as partial or generalized

eruption of acute, inflammatory, herpetic vesicles caused by herpes zoster virus on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve

congenital neural tube defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spial canal through which the spinal cord and menings may or may not protrude

most common and least severe form of spina bifida w/out protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges

more severe type of spina bifida that involves protrusion of the meninges (meningocele), spinal cord (myelocele), or both (meningomyelocele).

severe injuries to the spinal cord, such as vertebral fractures and dislocations, resulting in impairment of spinal cord function below the level of the injury

paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs

paralysis of all four extremities and, usually, the trunk

temporary interference w/ blood supply to the brain, lasting a few minutes to a few hours

imaging procedure that measures levels of radioactivity in the thyroid after oral or IV administration of radioactive iodine

laboratory test in which CSF obtained from a lumbar puncture is evaluated macroscopically for clarity and color, microscopically for cells, and chemically for proteins nd other substances

insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space of the spinal column at the level of the fourth intervetebral space to w/draw cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in order to perform various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures; aka spinal tap or spinal puncture

radiographic technique combining computed tomography w/ radiopharmaceuticals that produces a cross-sectional (transverse) image of the dispersement of radioactivity (through emission of positrons) in a section of the body to reveal the areas where the radiopharmaceutical is being metabolized and where there is a deficiency in metabolism

surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands to remove a benign or cancerous tumor, aid in correcting a hormone imbalance, prevent metastasis or, occasionally, prevent adrenal gland hormone excretion form exacerbating an existing condition such as breast cancer

excision of one lobe (subtotal thyroidectomy) or the entire thyroid gland (thyroid lobectomy)

surgical procedure that creates an opening in the skull to gain access to the brain during neurosurgical procedures

partial destruction of the thalamus to treat psychosis or intractable pain

oral administration or injection of synthetic hormones to correct a deficiency in such hormones as of estrogen, testosterone, or thyroid hormone

antidiuretic hormone

blood glucose

blood sugar

diabetes mellitus

growth hormone

hormone replacement therapy

first cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, and so on

central nervous system

cardiac output

cerebrospinal fluid

cerebrovascular accident; costovertebral angle

cerebrovascular disease

electroencephalogram

electromyography

anteroposterior

posteroanterior

intravenously

interstitial cell-stimulating hormone

luteinizing hormone

pituitary growth hormone

parathyroid hormone

radioactive iodine uptake

thyroid-stimulating hormone

first lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, and so on

lumbar puncture

mitral stenosis; musculoskeletal; multiple sclerosis; mental status; magnesium sulfate

red blood cell

first sacral vertebra, second sacral vertebra, and so on

first thoracic vertebra, second thoracic vertebra, and so on

transient ischemic attack

white blood cell

computed tomography

positron emission tomography

magnetic resonance imaging