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Monte Alban - Oaxaca, New Mexico
City built upon a peninsula, and reproduced the topography that it was situated on. Village residents would thatched on a downward slope so that they could walk down easily to work the land.
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Acoma, New Mexico, 12-17
Built atop mesas, which forms natural fortifications. Built with thick walling and a roof terrrace to take advantage of thermal variations as well as mitigate it.
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Mont St. Michel, France - 12 - 16 c.
Built on an island rock, which thrusts out of the ocean, feeling of ascension.
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Fallingwater - Frank Lloyd Wright
Nestled into the Bear Run Creek, not on top, horizontal planes separated like the horizontal planes separating the varying elevations and horizontal layers of the rock. Changes appearance with seasons, No frames on the windows, seamless with the outside, rock and stone comes inside. Rock is the hearth
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Condominiums, Sea Ranch, CA - More/Lyndon/Turnbull/Whitaker
Set in the hillside, shaped to deflect the wind, looks like a big, craggy rock. The inside repeats the heavy timber and creates a bold sense of space of the outer coast.
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Taliesin West - Frank Lloyd Wright
Outcropping stonework emulates the mesas in the desert. Combination of digrats and tints. Elevated tent-like roof. Authentic living experience.
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The Woodlands, TX - Ian McHarg
- Only built on the high ground, leaving the lowland completely undeveloped.
- Resevoir in the lowland, or "detention grounds" where water would drain and sit, leaving the other areas undisturbed.
- No drainage sewers, but streets drain naturally into the soil, with ditches in the back yard.
- Minimized impervious cover by reducing street width, controlling floodwater.
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Sea Ranch, CA - Laurence Halprin
Long inlets extending into the coast acts as natural windbreaks.
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Hill Towns of Tuscany, Italy
Built to maximize the exposure to the sun and wind.
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Pont du Gard, France
Stone aqueduct that utilized the arch, which carries a load evenly around an opening.
Width increases from top to bottom, reflecting the load gradient.
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Colosseum
Prolific use of the arches to carrry and distribute loads; slight slope.
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Pantheon
dome, just like the arches, gets thicker in material from the top of the dome to the bottom of the walls. Loads collect as they collect towards the bottom. Brick, Stone, Concrete
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Hagia Sophia
Starts with a central dome, cascades to semi-domes, which cascades into arches, and finally transfer the loads outside with buttresses.
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Ames Gates Lodge - H.H. Richardson
Uses an arch to make the gate-house. Doesn't cut or smooth the stone, so it creates a heavy impression, displays how the loads distribute.
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Town Hall, North Easton, MA - H.H. Richardson
One piece of stone lain on top of masonry, transfer of loads into the ground with arches. Brick on 1st tier, stone on bottom tier. Natural gradient of material density.
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Masion Joul - Le Corbusier
- Heavy masonry walls with vaults, which is also seen on the inside; shallow arches, which push out, instead of down.
- Steel rods are placed between the ends of teh vaults, and counteract the outward, or tensile force.
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Morse & Stiles Hall - Eero Saarinen
Vertical piers and steep buttresses made of concrete incorporating large aggregates cemented together; creates a very structurally sound building.
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Strimling House - Maurice Smith
Exposed frames on the inside to show bending force. Brick and Wood
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Lake Shore Drive Aparments - Mies van der Rohe
Clean expression of steel and resistance to bending, compressive forces.
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John Deere Headquarters - Eero Saarinen
Steel rusts on the outside, which is thick enough to block out oxygen, preventing any further oxidation on the inside.
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