A.P gov

cerncus every 10 years..population of each state determines the new number of reps

money set aside (as by legislature) for a specific purpose

consiting of two chambers of legislative houses

for general country, intended to become a law/bill that only applies to certain groups

efforts made by members of congtress to help individual/grop when they have difficuties when federal agency

private meeting of party leaders to choose candidates for office

blame, critism, strong dissaporoval

tool used to count the population in demographic changes in the united states

a bill that has many riders to inceaxse its chances of being passed

a parliamentartu maneuver that if 3/5 majorirty voters for it, limits senate debate to thirty hours and has the effect of defeating a fillabuster

tendency of candidaties to win more voters in an election b/c of the preence a the top of the ticket of a better known candidate like a president

members who head the standing committes in each chamber of congress

people who work for the house and senate committess

committee appoited by the president officers of each chamber to adjust difference on a particular bill passed by each chamber

advises congression on the probaility consequenses of its decision forcasts, revenues, and its a counterweight to the president office of management and budget

supporter voter memeber

electiopn which voters choose party nominess

petition that if signed by majority of the house and rep memberswill try for a bill from the committee and bring it to the floor for the consideration

region/area that is bound together by specific rules, laws, and resources

presidency and the other controls one or btoh houses of congress

principles of right and wrong that guife n individual and making decisions

independent agency in the executive branch to admister federal election laws

tactic for delaying or obstuction by legisation by making long speeches

benefits allowing members of congress to mail letters and other materials postage free

process of redrawing legislative boundries for the purpose of benifiting the party in power

independent and non-partisan agency that investigates how the national government spends money; serves as a detective for congress

state will have equal rep in one houser of legislature and rep population in the other house

situtation where nothing can move foward or proceed

political contributions given to a party, candidate, or interest group that are limited in amount and fully disclosed./ political contributions made in such a way as to avoid the united states regulations for federal election campaigns (as by contributions to a political action committee)

an institution unique to the house of rep that reviews all bills coming from a house committee before they go to the full house

house of rep committes that along with senate fiance committee write tax codes subjected to the approval of congress as a whole

formal document charging a public official with misconduct in office

president refersal to spend money congress has voted to fund program

obligatory requireed one who holds a specific office at the time spoken of

committees on which both senators and reps serve

propsal for action that has the force of law when passed, usually deals with speical cirucmstances of termporary matters

trip especially one taken for pleasure by an public official at the public expense

a person still in office after he/she has lost bid for reelection

congress monotring of the bureacracy and its adminstration of policy, performed through mainly hearing

a legisaltor supposrt a proposal favored by another in return for support in his/hers districts

the majority leaders assistant

legisalture leader selcted by majority party who helps plan party strategy, confers with other party leaders and tries to keep party members in line

drawling of boundaties by legisltive districts so they are unequal in population

after hearings are completed, a congressional subcommittee will usually determine a bills future and find dilperation

congressional election that take place midwat through a president 4 year term

the legislative leader selected by the minority party as spokes person for the oppostition

minority leaders assistant

very strong somtimes excessive support for one group, idea, or clause

to set a bill asoide by a committee without considering it

legislation that provides members of congress with federal project and programs for their individual district

for the time being, temporarily

an election system in which each party running receives the proportion of legislative seats corresponding to its proportion of the vote.

the minimum number of members who must be present to permit a legislative body to take official action. the quorum in the house is 218 while in the senate it is 51

mutual exchange of commerical or other privilege

voting for a candidate because you like his or her past actions in office

amendment or clause added to a legisaltion bill

a temporary committee formed to study one specific issue and report its findings to the senate of the house

holds confirmation hearings for the nominations for federal judges by the president.

presidential custom of submitting the names of prospective appointees for approval to senators from the states in which the appointees are to work.

a system that gives the member of the majority party with the longest uninterrupted service on a particular committee the leadership of that committee

an extraordinary session of a legislative body, called to deal with an emergency situation

an office mandated by the constitution. the speaker is chosen in practice by the majority party, has both formal and informal powers, and is second in line to succeed to the presidency should that office become vacant.

if the directors are divided into two classes the members of each class are elected once a year in alternate years for a two year term; if divided into a 3 classes they are elected for three years. this permits one half of the board to be elected every 2 or 1/3 to be elected every 3 providing continuity in the boards membership

a permanent committee established in a legislature, usually focusing on a policy area

division of a standing congressional committee that deals with specific issues in the area handled by the committee as a whole

senate, house of rep.

an act designed to reform the congressional budgetary process; established a fixed budget calendar, a budget committee in each house, and the cbo, which advises congress on the probable consequences of its decisions, forecasts revenues, and is counterweight to omb

1993; requires employers with 50 or more workers to grant up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave a year to allow workers to take time off to help care for a new baby or an ill family member without fear of losing their jobs.

raised hard money limits to $2000 and banned soft money contributions to national political parties, campaign finance reform act

1965, established health insurance for the elderly

a law passed in 1973 in reaction to american fighting in vietnam and cambodia that requires presidents to consult with congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless congress declares war or grants an extension.

1996 law that established the temporary assistance for needy families program in place of the aid to families.

case that est. one man one vote. this decision created guidelines for drawing up congresional districts and guaranteed a more equitable system of representation to the citizens of each state

ruled that state legislative districts must be roughly equal in population

ordered house of representative legislative districts to be as near in population as possible; extended baker v. carr, "one man, one vote," to the national government.

the court ruled that although it was a legitimate goal for state legislatures to take race into account when they draw electoral districts in order ot increase the voting strength of minorities, they may not make race the sole reason for drawing district lines. No racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts.

candidates can use as much of their own money on their own campaigns.

money is property, not speech. still, not all political speech is protected by the first amendment from government infringement.