Hummanities of Greece

  1. What was the Ionian Revolt?
    The Ionians were under the Persian Empire, lead by Cyrus the Great, and faught to gain their independence, which didn;t work. This revolt led to the Persian War.
  2. Describe the Battle of Marathon
    Marathon is a beeach of 26miles NE of Athens. Militades sent 9,000 Greeks to fight. Athens fought alone because Sparta didn't help. Greak defeated King Darius, the father of Xerxes. A runner was sent to tell Athens "we have won" and his heart exploded.
  3. How/why did Themistocles trick Athens?
    Themistocles tricked Athens intp buying 200 Triremes to fight Ageina
  4. Describe the Battle of Thermopylae
    The Persians, led by Xerxes won the battle. Were blocked by an impassible mountain by sea. King Leonidas took 300 Spartans and 5,000 allies. Spartans hold Xerxes for 5 days, which Xerxes then sends in immortals. Leonidas sends everyone back except his 300 men and 700 thespains
  5. Describe the Battle of Salamis
    Between the Greeks and the Persians. Greeks took advantage of the nnarrow areas of the sea. The attle was led by Themistocles. Greece was able to defeat Persia and insure that democracy would be the way they were goverend.
  6. Heraclitus
    Believe you can't learn about the woulrd through your senses because your sense are inaccurate. i.g. "Eyes and ears are bad witnesses if the soul is without understanding." "you cannot step into the same river twove."
  7. Anaxogoras
    From Ionia. Believes the mind moves the matter. Challegenes the belief in gods in Athens
  8. Nous
    Mind
  9. Paramenides
    Reality never changes, your senses belive the temperature or seasons have changed
  10. Zeno
    Believe and proves that reallity never chnages and motion is an illusion. Achilles and the tortoise
  11. Pluralists
    The world must be made up of many things
  12. Empedocles
    Said only the fittest (best combonations) experiments survied i.g. snakes with wings, hourses with a pigs head, humans with guils.
  13. Democratus
    Atomic theory: tiny invisible atoms make up everything
  14. Sophists
    "wise men"
  15. Arete
    Virtue and excellence= knowledge
  16. Protagorus
    "man is the measure of all things"
  17. Socrates
    Said "arete is knowledge" and "vice is the result of ignorance". Hates sophists. Believed concepts such as justice, love, and courgae must be defined.
  18. Severe Style
    serenely calm facial expressions
  19. High Classical Style
    i.g. zenith of ancient art
  20. Wet Drappery Style
    Shows women;s forms without depicting the naked
  21. Lord Elgin
    British man who stole sculptors from Greece which were a part of a pedimen. Marble is now named after him. "Elgin Marble"
  22. Phidias
    Most famouse Athenian sculptor of the Classical period.
  23. Pericles
    Leader of Athens who was elected every year. It was his idea to rebuild the Acropolis
  24. Acropolis
    • acro= high: polis= city-state
    • high city made of simple large coulmns
  25. Tomb of the Diver
    Painted by Polvgnotus. Represents the individual and attempts to express depth and realism
  26. Blinding of Polyphemus
    Tells the story of a cyclops being defeated. Polvgnotus' influence. Displays different base lines and attempts greater realsim
  27. White'background technique
    A flask whose background is painted white. Is kept in tombs
  28. Lekythos
    Oil flask
  29. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
    Tomb build for King Mauslus. Was built under the order of the Queen, his sister-wife, Arthmisia, who was broken hearted by his death. The tomb was damaged by an earthquake and later destroyed by the Crusaders. The temple was made of white marble
  30. Late Classical Style
    Negativity arises because Greece is losing the Persian war. Woman no longer show off their figure, instead they wear amore over their dresses.
  31. Aeschylus
    Fought at the Battle of Marathon. Known for Oresteia and known as the "father of tragedy". He added a second actor and a chorus

    i.g. wife and mother of two boys kills her husband, and takes his brother as her lover. The boys find out that their mother murdered their father and kills her. The boys are put on trial but are later found not guilty by Athena
  32. Sophocles
    Greeks though about fath and how much free will you have..
  33. Plato
    Believd philosophers were at the top of the pyramid, and that they hold all of the knowldge, therefore they hold the power. Had three theories: The apology, the republic, and realm of the perfect forms.

    The Apology- explains why he'd rather choose death over exile. He's a citizen who has to aby by the laws. He belives it's either the end of life or a beginning of a new life
  34. Realm of Perfect Forms
    Stories with gods with flaws are false or unreal because God if perfect. There is only one God
  35. Allegory of the Cave
    People are chained in a dark cave (their reality) and all of their knowledge is what they can comprehend by shadows on the caves' wall. Their light is fire and their reality is 2-demintional. One person is freed and allowd the explore this new reality and later is told to go back into the cave and explain to everone that their reality is fake. Trials to being a philosopher.
  36. The Republic
    Plato is anti'democracy because the people killed Sacrotes. Believe that not all people should be equal. slaves-> workers-> philosophers
  37. Aristotle
    A student of Plato who later mentors Alexander the Great.
  38. The Mean
    Aristotle believed everything exists as a "mean". The opposite of bravery is cowardness, but the opposite of cowardness is pure blood thirst. The "mean" is bravery.
  39. Prime Mover
    Aristolte said everything is in the state of motion. seed->flower.
  40. Syllogism
    Basis of logic
  41. Logos
    the truth lies in logos. It is order, word, or reason. i.g. God, in Gods will, Gods order.
Author
iflashelp
ID
143043
Card Set
Hummanities of Greece
Description
Exam 3
Updated