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Cohen’s D
- Provides an effect size measure for the independent t-test.
- It indicates the practical importance of a statistically significant t.
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Confidence Interval of the Difference
- An interval that estimates the difference between the
- populations means represented by two samples in an independent t-test.
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Correlational
- The term used to define a research design in which there are
- no treatment and control groups.
Correlational studies are also called nonexperimental.
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Estimated Standard Error of the Mean
- This estimates the standard deviation of the sample means in the distribution of sample means.
- Determined by dividing the sample standard deviation by the square root of the number in the sample, it is a measure of data variability in the t-tests.
- This is abbreviated SEm
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Experimental
The term used to define a research design in which the subjects are randomly assigned to multiple groups.
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Independent T-test
A test used to determine whether two independent samples are likely drawn from populations with the same mean.
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Nonexperimental
- The term used to define a research design in which there are no treatment and control groups.
- Nonexperimental studies are also called correlational.
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Omega-Squared
This is an effect size measure for the t-test and for analysis of variance. It indicates how much of the variance in the dependent variable can be explained by manipulating the independent.
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One Sample T Test
- A test that determines whether a sample is likely to have been drawn from a specified population.
- Unlike the z-test, it requires no population standard deviation.
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One tailed
- A test in which the direction of the significant difference is predicted.
- for example, in t-test, one predicts that the mean of group 1 will be significantly greater, or lesser than the mean of group 2, rather than just significantly different from it.
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Quasi-Experimental
The term used to define a research design in which there are multiple groups but no random assignment.
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Standard Error of the Difference
- The statistic in which the within group's variability is pooled from both samples in an independent t-test.
- It is abbreviated SEd
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Before/After T-Test
Rather than separate groups that the independent-t test test employs, the same group is measured twice, once before the treatment and then after.
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Two tailed statistical test
- A test in which the only important factor is whether the test statistic is extreme enough that it is not likely to have occured by chance.
- Whether the test statistic is positive or negative does not matter.
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