MNT-7.10

• Gas Exchange
• Acid-Balance of the body

• Vitamin C- Collagen formation to support connective tissue
• Vitamin A- Mucus formation
• PRO- Antibody production
• Zinc- Immunity
• Vitamin B6- PRO and antibody production
• decreases surfactant
• pulmonary edema
• decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood
• decline in muscle mass of lungs

• Partial pressure of Oxygen (PaO2): 75-100 mmHg
• Partial pressure of PaCO2: 35-45 mmHg
• pH: 7.35-7.45
• O2Sat: 94-100%
• HCO3: 22-26mEq/L

• Early satiety
• Anorexia
• Wt loss
• Cough
• Dyspnea during eating

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• The presence of chronic bronchitis or emphyesema leading to airway obstruction

A condition of the lung characterized by abnormal permanent enlargement of alveoli accompanied by destruction of their walls with out obvious fibrosis

Inflammation and eventual scarring of the lining of the bronchial tubes; restricted airflow, excessive production, persistent cough

• Measure of O/Co2 exchange
• 1 L of O burn $ kcals
• More accurate assessment that Harris Benedict

• Na and fluid restriction
• Maintenance of acceptable weight and height
• Energy requirements may need more than 125-150% greater than BEE
• Altered taste perception
• Sufficient PRO to maintain ling and muscle strength and immune function
• A balanced ratio of PRO with fat and CHO is important because of respiratory quotient

• Gluc: RQ 1
• PRO: .8
• Fat: .7
• The lower the RQ the less CO2 they have to expire

When Co2 accumulates

• Kcal/kg of 25-30 per day
• Protein 15-20% of calories
• Lipid 30-40%
• CHO: 40-55% of calories
• significant relationship with vitamin C and pulmonary function
• Magnesium is crucial for lung function
• Limitation on gas forming foods

Shortness of Breath

Discomfort breathing, esp. when they lay flat

Presence of air or gas in lungs

A procedure by which a tube is inserted through the mouth down into the trachea (the large airway from the mouth to the lungs)

The appearance of a blue or purple coloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface being low on oxygen.