Extrinsic Muscles of UE, Shoulder Region

  1. Trapezius
    • Proximal Attachment: Upper: skull and nuchal ligament; middle: upper thoracic SPs; lower: lower thoracic SPs
    • Distal Attachment: Upper: lateral third of clavicle; middle: acromion process of scapula; lower: spine of scapula
    • Innervation: Spinal accessory n. (CN XI) – motor; C3, C4 – sensory
    • Main Actions: Upper: elevates clavicle and scapula, upward rotation of scapula; middle: retracts scapula; lower: depresse scapula, upward rotation of scapula
  2. Rhomboid Major
    • Proximal Attachment: SP T2–T5
    • Distal Attachment: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
    • Innervation: Dorsal scapular n. (C4, C5)
    • Main Actions: retract and downwardly rotate scapula; fixes scapula against thoracic wall
  3. Rhomboid Minor
    • Proximal Attachment: nuchal ligament; SPs C7–T1
    • Distal Attahcment: Scapula above root of spine (smooth triangular area at medial end of scapular spine)
    • Innervation: Dorsal scapular n. (C4, C5)
    • Main Actions: Retract and downwardly rotate scapula; fixes scapula against thoracic wall
  4. Latissimus Dorsi
    • Proximal Attachment: SPs on inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3 to 4 ribs
    • Distal Attachment: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
    • Innervation: Thoracodorsal n. (C6–C8)
    • Main Actions: Extends, ADducts, and internally rotates humerus
  5. Levator Scapulae
    • Proximal Attachment: Posterior tubercles of TPs of C1–C4
    • Distal Attachment: Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine: superior angle of scapula
    • Innervation: Dorsal scapular (C4–C5)
    • Main Actions: Elevates and downwardly rotates scapula
  6. Rotator Cuff Muscles
    • Supraspinatus
    • Infraspinatus
    • Subscapularis
    • Teres Minor
  7. Supraspinatus
    • Proximal Attachment: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
    • Distal Attachment: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
    • Innervation: Suprascapular n. (C5–C6)
    • Main Actions: ABduction of humerus during first 15 degrees; stabilises glenohumeral joint
  8. Infraspinatus
    • Proximal Attachment: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
    • Distal Attachment: Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
    • Innervation: Suprascapular n. (C5–C6)
    • Main Actions: Externally rotates humerus; stabilises glenohumeral joint
  9. Subscapularis
    • Prosximal Attachment: Subscapular fossa
    • Distal Attachment: Lesser tubercle of humerus
    • Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5–C7)
    • Main Actions: Interally rotates humerus; stabilises glenohumeral joint; weak ADduction of humerus
  10. Teres Minor
    • Proximal Attachment: Middle part of lateral border of scapula
    • Distal Attachment: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
    • Innervation: Axillary n. (C5, C6)
    • Main Actions: Externally rotates humerus; stabilises glenohumeral joint
  11. Teres Major
    • Proximal Attachment: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
    • Distal Attachment: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
    • Innervation: Lower subscapular n. (C5–C6)
    • Main Actions: ADducts and medially rotates humerus; assists with extension of humerus. Independent of arm position
  12. Serratus Anterior
    • "boxer's muscle"
    • Proximal Attachment: External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st–8th ribs
    • Distal Attachment: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
    • Innervation: Long thoracic n. (C5–C7)
    • Main Actions: Protracts scapula, fixes scapula against thoracic wall, upwardly rotates scapula
  13. Pectoralis Major
    • Proximal Attachment: Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle; sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
    • Distal Attachment: Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
    • Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves: clavicular head (lateral: C5–C6); sternocostal head (medial: C7–T1)
    • Main Actions: Horizontal ADduction, internal rotation, flexion (clavicular head), extension back to neutral (sternocostal head)
  14. Pectoralis Minor
    • Proximal Attachment: 3rd–5th ribs near costal cartilages
    • Distal Attachment: Coracoid process of scapula (medial border and superior surface)
    • Innervation: Medial pectoral n. (C8–T1) (pierces)
    • Main Actions: Depresses scapula, spabilises scapula against thoracic wall
  15. Deltoid
    • Proximal Attachment: Anterior: lateral third of clavicle; middle: acromion; posterior: spine of scapula
    • Distal Attachment: Deltoid tuberoity of humerus
    • Innervation: Axillary n. (C5–C6)
    • Main Actions: Anterior: flexes and internally rotates humerus, horizontally ADducts; middle: ABducts arm; posterior: extends and laterally rotates humerus, horizontally ABducts humerus
  16. Elevation of scapula
    • Upper tapezius
    • Levator scapulae
    • Rhomboids
  17. Depression of scapula
    • Gravity
    • Lower Trapezius
    • Serratus Anterior (lower part)
    • Pectoralis Minor
  18. Protraction of scapula
    • Serratus Anterior
    • (Pectoralis minor)
    • (Pectoralis major)
  19. Retraction of scapula
    • Middle Trapezius
    • Lower Trapezius
    • Rhomboids
  20. Upward rotation of scapula
    • Upper trapezius
    • Lower trapezius
    • Serratus anterior
  21. Downward Rotation of Scapula
    • Gravity
    • Levator scapulae
    • Rhomboids
    • Pectoralis minor
    • (Latissimus dorsi)
  22. Pectoral Fascia
    • superficial
    • comes off clavicle and sternum
    • is continuous with fascia over rectus abdominus and axillary fascia
  23. Clavopectoral/deltopectoral trianlge
    • Between clavicle, deltoid, and pectoralis major
    • Cephalic vein goes into triangle to drain into subclavian v.
    • Where doctors will put a central line of pacemaker wires
  24. Clavopectoral fascia
    • Deep to pectoralis major, but superficial to pectoralis minor
    • comes off clavicle
    • is continuous into axilla - ligament keeps fascia pulled up and tight
  25. Scapula
    Sits between 2nd and 7th ribs
  26. Carpal Bones
    • Scaphoid
    • Lunate
    • Triquetral/Triquetrum
    • Pisiform
    • Trapezium (um for the thumb)
    • Trapezoid
    • Capitate
    • Hamate (Hook of Hamate)

    • Sally Left The Party To Take Cathy Home
    • or
    • Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle (handle - hook of hamate)
Author
Omidancer1
ID
142538
Card Set
Extrinsic Muscles of UE, Shoulder Region
Description
Extrinsic Muscles of UE, Shoulder Region
Updated