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Language disorder
- Impaired comprehension and/or use of spoken, written, and.or other symbol system
- Involves: form, content, function (Morphology, Syntax, Semantics)
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Impact of language disorder
individual's ability to perform daily living activities
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Language disorder vs. language difference
- Norm referenced expectations based on child's peer group
- Cultural aspects
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Significant
- Norm referenced standardized tests
- Subjective
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Language delay
late start with language development and expected to catch up
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Language impairment/disorder
Children who experience significant challenge in language development relative to other children
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Language disability
difficulties that has a negative impact on daily living activities
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Language Learning Disability
older children with language disorders who have difficulties with academic achievement in areas that are associated with language
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Specific Learning disability
Used in federal legislation
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Primary language impairment
language impairment with the absence of any other development disability
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Secondary Language impairment
- language impairment in the absence of any other developmental disability
- acquired by brain injury
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Classification of Language Disorders
- Etiology
- Manifestation
- Severity
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Etiology of developmental disorder
present from birth
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Etiology of acquired disorder
acquired sometime after birth
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Manifestation of a Focal disorder
affects one language domain
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Manifestation of Diffuse disorder
affects multiple domains
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Bilingual: Simultaneous
under 5 years of age and acquiring two languages simultaneously
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Bilingual: Sequential
over 5 years of age and learning a second language
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Specific Language impairment
- Primary, developmental language impairment with no known cause
- Strong biological and genetic component to this disorder
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Secondary Speech Language disorders
- associated with medical diagnosis
- Autism Spectrum
- Cerebral Palsy
- Intellectual Disability
- Traumatic Brain injury
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Autism spectrum disorder
- Autism
- Childhood disintegrative disorder
- Asberger's syndrome
- Prevasive developmental disorder
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Autism
- starts at 3 yo
- abnormal functioning in social interaction, communication and behavior
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Childhood disintegrative disorder
- starts between 2 and 10 years old
- Normal development for at least the first two years then significant loss in language, social skills, adaptive behavior
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Asbergers syndrome
- starts before or after 3 years
- No clinically significant delay in language, cognitive, self help, and adaptive behavioral skills
- impairment in social interaction and behavior
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Prevasive Development Disorder
- starts before or after 3 years
- Severe prevasive impairment in social interaction, communication, and/or behavior without meeting cirtiea of other disorders
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Intellectual disability
- Described as mental retardation
- condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind
- especially characteruzed by impairment of skills manifested during the developmental period
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Brain injury
- Refers to damage or insult to an individual's brain
- Most common is a closed-head injury (diffusal) in contrast to open-head injuries (focal)
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