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Coral islands that are in trouble due to more severe storms.
Atolls
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A chain of coral islands in the United States.
The Florida Keys
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Which countries do Kyoto and Copenhagen exempt?
China and India
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Set standards for particulates, lead, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and sulfur dioxide.
Clean Air Act of 1970
-
Reformulated fuels, more efficient engines, and chimney scrubbers have all helped make what?
Pollution reductions
-
What is a way that the fuel reductions that have been made could be cancelled out?
We drive more cars and live in bigger houses
-
This banned chloroflourocarbons in industrialized countries.
Montreal Protocol
-
Common refrigerants release this, which breaks down the ozone.
Chlorine
-
Ozone depeltion is doing what as CFCs are reduced?
Reversing
-
Surface ozone reacts with UV rays to form what?
Smog
-
What type of illnesses can pollutants often cause?
Respiratory
-
These react with water vapor to create pH lower than 5.6.
Sulfur emissions
-
This heavily affects lakes and forests that lack limestone bedrock.
Sulfur emissions
-
A project below the streets of Milwaukee.
The Deep Tunnel
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Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District released 4.6 billion gallons of storm runoff and raw sewage into what in 2004?
Lake Michigan
-
Releasing sewage into the lake in Milwaukee was to prevent it from flowing where?
Into basements
-
These areas have trees, undergrowth, and grass and absorb precipitation on site.
Softscapes
-
Releases water over time after the storm event.
Evapo-transpiration
-
These are important "sinks" for undesirable inputs
Green spaces
-
Pollution from former land uses impedes restoration of what, which are valuable to storm water retention?
Riparian corridors
-
These catch water for yard use.
Rain barrels
-
These are connected to parking lots and downspouts catch water, slowly releasing it into the ground.
Rain gardens
-
This strategy is minor for MMSD, but can help to mitigate storm water runoff.
Plant more, large trees.
-
What are two negatives of green roofs, which absorb water and release it to the atmosphere instead of the sewer system.
Green roofs
-
What does the Deep Tunnel do to reduce environmental injustice associated with unevenly distrubted green spaces?
Nothing
-
These make of 87% of energy production
Coal, oil and natural gas
-
The US population consumes what percent of fossil fuels extracted annually?
25%
-
1/3 of energy consumed in US is for industry is for what?
Extraction and production
-
Residential and commercial buildings consume what percent of US energy?
40%
-
What percent of US energy is used up by transportation?
27%
-
How many years of energy do we have left from coal?
Around 200
-
Strip mines lead to mountain top removal or what?
Scarification
-
Why are there volatile energy markets?
Supply is nearly equal to demand.
-
Give an example of a country where the is social unrest because oil wealth is unevenly distributed.
Nigeria
-
Our oil reserves may only last for how long?
40 years
-
This provides 25% of global energy supply, is clean burning and releases less carbon.
Natural gas
-
Many new US power plants burn...
natural gas
-
How much more do northern climate dwellers pay for gas derived heat now as compared to ten years ago?
300% more
-
Hydraulic fracturing =
fracking
-
This is an important area set for a possible fracking site close to Athens.
Marcellus Shale
-
How big is a typical fracking field?
4 sq. miles
-
How much of Athens county is now leased for fracking?
1/3
-
How many jobs are said to come to Ohio from fracking?
200,000
-
What are some major concerns about fracking?
Contaminated drinking water, air pollution, destruction of roads and bridges
-
Does the industry have to tell us what is in the fracking fluid?
No
-
A recent Ohio State study found that, in actuality, how many jobs would come to Ohio from fracking.
20,000
-
Nuclear power plants are old, but don't release what?
CO2
-
Are new nuclear power plants being built in the US?
No
-
The two big Nuclear power disasters?
- Three Mile Island in 1979
- Chernobyl in 1986
-
Where is Three Mile Island?
Harrisburg PA
-
Unit 2 of Three Mile Island is shut down, but Unit 1 is licensed to operate until when?
2034
-
Where was Chernobyl?
Ukraine
-
What happened to the residents of Pripyat, Ukraine after Chernobyl?
Evacuated. Still remains empty today.
-
Chernobyl was a what out of 7 on the Nuke Event Scale?
7
-
6000 children at Chernobyl afflicted with what?
Thyroid cancer
-
Studies suggest that how many people will die from the recent nuclear event in Japan?
1,000
-
Radiation continues to leak where in Japan?
Pacific Ocean
-
Nuclear power generates what percent of our electricity in the US?
8%
-
In what state are there 11 nuclear reactors?
Illinois
-
This type of energy is important in the American West...
Hydro-power
-
Hydro-power is the use of what to make electricity?
Dams
-
This type of energy offer little environmental disruption, but birds can fly into them.
Wind farms
-
This is alcohol derived from biomass (corn, sugarcane, aspen). It is clean burning, but energy intensive to produce.
Ethanol
-
Everything we produce and consume will become what?
Waste
-
We live increasingly in a __________ and _____________ society.
Throw-away and disposable
-
4000 tons of plastic bags less than 15 microns thick produced monthly in where?
Kenya
-
What are seen as a status symbol in Nairobi?
Plastic bags. People can see what you purchased and be impressed that you had the capability to purchase it.
-
Villagers and small children in China are paid to break apart what from computers and electronics?
Cathode ray tubes
-
What happens to your old electronics?
Much of it goes to other countries for "recycling"
-
What city in US has banned plastic bags from retail stores?
San Fran
-
Bags used for human waste and then thrown outside are known as...
scud missiles
-
80% of e-waste in U.S. recyling stream ends up in Asia, and example of...
Environmental Racism
-
Targeting corporations for social change.
Venue Shopping
-
Environmentall responsible travel to relatively undisturbed natural areas, to enjoy nature, that promotes conservation, low visitor impact, and beneficially active socio-economic involvement in local populations.
EcoTourism
-
Three things that ecodestinations must do to prove they are sustainable.
- Preserve ecology
- Improve the lives of locals
- Enhance the local economy
-
There is concern with the ecotourist industry and consumers about what?
Greenwashed mass tourism
-
Where does Lapa Rios get its hot water?
Passive solar
-
Pool at Lapa Rios is sterilized with what, instead of chlorine?
Salt
-
What is done with food waste at Lapa Rios?
Fed to pigs and microrganisms.
-
This turns pig waste into gas that is used for cooking in the kitchen.
Biodigester
-
What did Lapa Rios build after the community requested one?
A school
-
Lapa Rios only employs...
local people
-
Who does ecotourism cater to?
Bobos in paradise. White upper-middle class.
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