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what is a hormone
chemical thats released in the blood n travels to a target organ or tissue
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functions of a hormone
- -reproduction
- -growth n development
- -regulation of metablism
- -mobilization of body defenses
- -maintence of homeostasis
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2 kinds of hormones and target cells
- -steroidal; enter nucleus to produce a protein
- -non-steroidal; binds a receptor on the cell membrane
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3 differences btw type 1 and 2 diabetes
- -type 1: early onset, insulin never produced, in children
- -type 2; gradual onset, insulin produced but not used correctly, in adults
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what are anabolic steroids n what they do to body
synthetic hormones that are modeled after testosterone, help muscles grow n interfere with messages sent to body
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addison's disease
hyposecretion of adrenal gland that doesnt have enough hormones released in blood, turns skin bronze
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cushing's syndrome
hypersecretion of adrenal gland that too much hormone is released, abs gain fat and arms legs stay same
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problems faced with endocrine system as we get older
the endocrine glands decrease their output of hormones
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most common disorders
thyroid problems and diabetes
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what causes menopause
lack of estrogen secreted by ovaries
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glands that send hormones to specifc sites
endocrine glands
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made up of 3 groups, amines proteins and steroids
hormones
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the master gland
pituitary gland
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hormone that regulates metablism n uses iodine
thyroid
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pituitary dwarfism
too little GH produced
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stimulates n maintains milk production from childbirth
prolactin
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stiumates follicle/sperm development in ovaries/testes
foliicle stimulating hormone
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triggers ovulation and stimualates testosterone production in males
luteinizing hormone
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causes milk ejection
oxytocin
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stimulates water reabsorption by kidneys
antidiuretic hormone
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to produce thyroid hormones.. the body needs
iodine
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if the body isnt getting enough iodine..
the gland cant produce thyroid hormone and results to a goiter
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the occurance of hypothyroidism receives condtion called
myxedema (weight gain, hair loss, slow pulse, low body temp)
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graves' disease;
-eyes protrude in eye sockets
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mineralocroticoids are mainly
aldosterone
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mineralocroticoids regulate
mineral content in blood, water n electrolyte balance
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sex hormones in males/females
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estrogens;
- -stimulate development of 2nd female characteristics
- -help maintain pregnancy
- -prepare breasts to produce milk
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