Exam 2

What is tinea corporis?

What is the most common type of vaginal infection?

What is stored in the epithelial cells of the vagina?

What is glycogen's purpose in the vagina?

What does lactic acid do in the vagina?

What are some of the normal flora in the vagina?

What are some factors that affect the vaginal environment?

What is vulvovaginal candidiasis aka?

What is the most common cause of a yeast infection (VVC)?

What are the risk factors for VVC?

What does VVC discharge look like?

What are the S&S of VVC?

What non-pharm treatment is there for VVC?

Who would be a candidate to self treat VVC?

The azoles are used to treat what?

What are some azoles for VVC?

T/F: all of the azoles for treating VVC are equally efficacious.
True False

What is the MOA of azole antifungals?

These drugs are approved for local treatment and external itching/irritation associated w/ a VVC infection?

What are the most common side effects of the azole antifungals?

What drug interactions should you watch for when using an azole antifungal?

What are the dosage regimens for the vaginal antifungals?

What are the pros and cons of Vagisil?

T/F: Yeast-gard (a homeopathic) is advantageous over azole antifungals.
True False

T/F: yogurts or other lactobacillus preps are not effective against post-antibiotic VVCs.
True False

Would you recommend a sodium bicarb sitz bath for someone with a VVC?

Would you recommend douching, like ever?

T/F: girls less than 12 can self treat w/ an azole antifungal.
True False

Which drugs can predispose a woman to VVC?

What diseases can predispose a woman to VVC?

If a woman has had a vaginal infection in the past 2 months, can she self treat?

What are 2 herbal therapies for VVC?

What is in garlic that makes it useful antibac or antifungal for VVC?

What is the problem w/ using gentian violet?

Which product is useful for non Candida albicans VVC infections?

Which drug for VVC can be fatal if ingested orally and should not be used by preggo women?

What is the usual course of VVC w/ treatment?

Which infection is caused by more than one organism (is polymicrobic)?

Which organisms cause BV?

Which infection may be protected by oral contraceptives or condoms?

Who is predisposed to getting BV?

What does BV smell like?

What does BV look like?

1/3 to 1/2 of women are asymptomatic who have this?

Can you treat BV w/ OTC agents?

You should almost always refer if a woman has what?

What are the s& s of trichomoniasis vaginalis?

This infection is transmitted via sex?

Can we treat trich with OTCs?

Which virus do we need to treat the sex partners too?

T/F: we should always refer a woman with trich?
True False

What happens if we don't treat BV and trich?

What product might help reduce the inappropriate use of antifungals?

What can lead to inacurrate results of a pH test kit?

Which of the 3 vag infections can be treated OTC?

Do we need to treat sex partners of VVC or BV?

What is dyspareunia?

What are the 2 common ingredients in lubricants?

T/F: you should wait 6-8 hours after sex if you are going to douch, but you really shouldn't
True False

What is the one most distinguishing factor b/w VVC and BV or trichomoniasis when diagnosing?

t/f: during menses and menopause the vaginal pH increases.
True False

what does a pH greater than 4.5 in the vagina indicate?

t/f: you can use antifungal creams on your period.
True False

When should we refer a woman w/ atrophic vaginitis (5 things)?

t/f: daily intake of yogurt can help prevent VVC.
True False

what two menstrual disorders can women treat for?

what 4 things can cause pain of primary dysmenorrhea?

Which two drugs are most recommended for treating dysmenorrhea?

Which supplements could be used to treat dysmenorrhea?

When does a woman experience PMS?

What is thought to be the cause of PMS?

What supplements can we take for PMS?

What OTC drugs can we take for PMS?

Chastetree berry, ginkgo, saffron and St. John's Wort have been thought to be effective for what syndrome?

What adverse effect can ginkgo have?

Which bacteria is most responsible for causing TSS?

t/f: you can use egg whites as lubrication for sex.
True False

Why is the contraceptive sponge a trifecta?

t/f: spermicides can increase the risk of getting an STI.
True False

t/f: aspirin is an NSAID
True False

Name all of the Salicylates.

What are COX-1 and COX-2 responsible for?

What is COX-1 protecting in the body?

What is COX-2 inducing in the body?

In general which one is good and which one is bad out of COX-1 and COX-2?

What do NSAIDs and salicylates inhibit?

What does aspirin inhibit?

t/f: NSAIDs affect platelets but they bind them reversibly, so not much effect.
True False

What binds platelets irreversibly?

You will need a much higher dose of what drug to relieve pain?

Aspirin has antiplatelet (cardio) activity at what dose?

What molecule does aspirin most strongly block?

What dose of aspirin would you take for pain relief?

Are NSAIDs selective or non-selective at inhibiting COXs?

Why do NSAIDs have no cardio benefit?

What are the 3 pharmacologic effects that NSAIDs have?

How do NSAIDs have an analgesic effect?

How do NSAIDs have an anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory effect?

t/f: ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen are all non-selective for COX 1 and 2.
True False

This drug is antipyretic and analgesic, but has little anti-inflammatory activity?

NSAIDs work to decrease pain in the ________, while APAP works to decrease pain in the _________?

Which pain relief drug is available as a suppository?

What is the best pain reliever to use in someone who is taking warfarin?

What is the max dose of Tylenol in one day?

How many grams of tylenol at one time is considered non-toxic to the liver?

How many grams of tylenol will cause severe liver necrosis?

t/f: chronic alcoholics can take tylenol.
True False

How much tylenol should a geriatric patient have in one day?

What toxic metabolite is tylenol made into?

t/f: NSAIDs are hepatotoxic just like tylenol.
True False

t/f: NSAIDs should be avoided in alcoholics
True False

What could happen if a patient w/ liver cirrhosis takes NSAIDs?

What is considered to be the toxic dose of tylenol?

If someone wants a recommendation about taking tylenol, what two questions should you ask first?

What diseases do we need to watch if we are going to recommend NSAIDs?

what is the #1 problem caused by aspirin and NSAIDs use?

What is misoprostol (Cytotec)?

t/f: all NSAIDs and aspirin can hurt your gut.
True False

t/f: NSAIDs can increase BP in normal and hypertensive people, but only by 2-3 mmHg
True False

Which pain reliever is the safest to take if patient has high BP and might be taking anti-hypertensives?

How do NSAIDs increase BP?

Which pain reliever makes you retain water?

If a patient has heart failure, which drug should they take and which should they not take?

Which of the two NSAIDs is most likely safer for heart disease (even though neither should really be taken)?

What are the top 4 choices for pain relief in a patient whith cardio disease?

A patient with pain and asthma should take what drug?

An allergy is a _____ reaction, whereas a pseudoallergy is a _______ reaction?

t/f: allergies and pseudoallergies can have the same symptoms.
True False

What are some symptoms of an allergic reaction to NSAIDs?

t/f: aspirin induced asthma is an allergic reaction
True False

How does aspirin cause an allergic reaction like asthma?

t/f: NSAID induced urticaria/angioedema is an allergic reaction
True False

Patients with an allergy to NSAIDs should avoid which NSAIDs?

How long does it take for an aspirin allergy to manifest?

How long does it take for an NSAID allergy to manifest?

Patients with a pseudoallergic reaction should avoid _______, while patients with a true allergic reaction should avoid ________?

Who is likely to get a medication overuse headache?

Which drugs can cause rebound headaches?

Which drug has the lowest potential for causing rebound headaches?

t/f: you should not take aspirin and NSAID together
True False

t/f: people can become resistant from taking aspirin too long
True False

If a patient must take both aspirin and NSAIDs together, how should they do it?

t/f: patients can take warfarin and aspirin or an NSAID together
True False

which pain reliever can cause or exacerbate gout?

Is a low, moderate, or high dose of aspirin more likely to exacerbate gout?

t/f: a patient can take an ACE inhibitor and an NSAID together.
True False

How do NSAIDs cause acute interstitial nephritis?

How do NSAIDs + ACE inhibitors cause renal failure?

Which problems caused by NSAIDs are reversible?

Which problems caused by long term, high doses of NSAIDs (or tylenol) are irreversible?

In relation to the kidney, which pain reliever is considered safest to take long term in therapeutic doses?

Use of what 2 drugs together greatly increases the risk for nephrotoxicity?

What is the best advice for a pregnant or breastfeeding woman for a pain reliever?

what problems might a prego woman see if she takes NSAIDs?

t/f: enteric coated aspirin prevents GI bleeding
True False

If taking a fecal occult blood test, when should you stop aspirin?

If having surgery, when should you stop aspirin?

What are the best pain relievers for kiddos?

What is the typical dose of tylenol for a child?

What is the typical dose of ibuprofen for a child?

who is not recommended to take naproxen?

Why can kids not take aspirin?

What is the leading cause of acute liver failure in the U.S?

Which pain reliever can/should you take with food, milk or antacids?

What are the symptoms of tylenol toxicity?

What is overdose of aspirin aka?

What are symptoms of salicylism?

What are the signs of salicylate poisoning?

What condition did people most commonly use alternative/complementary medicines for?

This alt med is a building block of tendons, cartilage, ligaments, synovial fluid, blood vessels and heart valves?

What is best indication for glucosamine/chondroiton?

t/f: chondroitin or glucosamine are not effective when used alone
True False

t/f: patients taking warfarin can also take glucosamine/chondroitin.
True False

Do not recommend these alt meds for muscle or neuro pain, only for joint pain?

t/f: since glucosamine/chondroitin comes from marine exoskeletons and cow or shark cartilage, patients w/ shellfish allergy should not take them.
True False

What is the safe dosage and length of treatment for MSM?

This drug is thought to have a link to pain by sulfur deficiency but that is not proven?

Where is MSM found?

What is MSM thought to help?

What natural anti-inflammatories have similar side effects to NSAIDs? (GI upset, caution with anticoags)

This natural med thought to be comparable to diclofenac and reducing mild knee pain?

This natural med thought to reduce knee pain?

This natural med thought to similar to Vioxx for back pain and has been validated for OA pain?

What is ginger thought to do for pain?

What are all of the natural anti-inflammatory meds?

Which natural anti-inflammatory might actually work for pain associated with RA (according to Onysko)?

What are some anti-depressant-like natural meds?

What natural med is thought to be good for fibromyalgia, but not headaches?

Which natural med is thought to be as effective as NSAIDs for pain, but is expensive and has poor product quality?

These two natural meds look promising for helping with nerve pain in diabetics or for increasing blood flow?

These two natural meds decrease substance P in the sensory nerves which decreases pain (also cause irritation and stimulation of nervous tissue)?

Patients should use these two natural meds for 3 days and multiple applications to see pain relief at fullness?

Which 4 natural meds are most safe AND effective to recommend for pain relief?

Which 4 natural meds should not be recommended for pain relief?

How do non-selective NSAIDs cause GI bleeds?

Inhibition of which COX causes GI bleeding?

Inhibition of which COX increases cardio risk?

Inhibition of which COX decreases inflammation?

What is the amount of risk when taking an NSAID and getting GI complications vs. someone who is not taking an NSAID?

Which antihypertensive does NSAID not interfere with?

If patient reports with an allergic reaction to both aspirin and naproxen, does patient have allergy or pseudoallergy?

What problems might a patient have that would make them be at higher risk for aspirin-induced asthma?

Very low and high doses of aspirin do what in a gout patient?

Which OTC analgesic is only contraindicated in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy?

Which analgesic should not be used in pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Where do tension headaches occur?

Where do migraines occur?

avoiding known triggers is the best way to avoid which type of headache?

At what temp should you treat a fever in an adult?

Which method of measuring temp is best in kids?

Combining NSAIDs or aspirin with alcohol increases risk of what?

What is RICE?

What is the difference between fever and drug-induced hyperthermia?

Which usually causes a higher temp, bacteria or virus?

t/f : a child less than 6 months old with a rectal temp of 101 or higher can be self treated.
True False

t/f: magnesium salicylate is usually used to treat back pain
True False

Which drug is used mostly for OA pain, fever, and mild to moderate pain?

For a child older than 6 months what should we recommend for fever?

Tylenol + Alcohol =

NSAIDs/aspirin + alcohol =

tylenol/NSAIDs/aspirin + warfarin =

aspirin + NSAID =

NSAIDs/salicylates + antihypertensives =

What are some examples of complemetary medicine?

What is alternative medicine?

t/f: Homeopathic meds must be approved by FDA
True False

t/f: homeopathic medicine is often compared to vaccines
True False

Use of what meds usually requires vigorous shaking?

Dilutions of 1 to 10 are designated as ?

Dilutions of 1 to 100 are designated as ?

t/f: the more dilute a homeopathic med is, the stronger it is
True False

1X=

3X=

6X=

1C=

3C=

Dilutions of what strength have zero active ingredient molecules in them?

t/f: dietary supplements are required to be safe, but not effective
True False

What is required to be on a natural medicine label?

Which natural med product claim is not required by the FDA to be on the label?

This group verifies that a product contains the labeled ingredients and that contaminants and unlisted ingredients are not present in a natural med?

This is an independent company that tests products?

Which population (race) uses CAM the most?

What natural meds are used for cardio system?

what are the uses for CoQ10?

This natural supp is a vitamin-like compound, acts as an antioxidant, membrane stabilizer, cofactor for ATP?

t/f: odorless garlic products are inactive
True False

What is in garlic that makes it pharmaco effective?

This natural supp may cause smooth muscle dilation by activating NO and reduces oxidative stress and inhibits LDL oxidation?

What would you use garlic for?

Pregnant women or someone taking aspirin or warfarin should not take this cardio supp?

what type of fatty acids are omega 3 and omega 6?

Why do we want more omega 3 than 6?

Where do we get omega 3 fa from?

What type of omega 3 do we want for a cardio benefit?

What is a good protective dose of fish oil against cardiac events?

What is a good treatment dose of fish oil for lowering TGs?

What is a good dose of fish oil for decreasing atherosclerosis and antiarrhythmic?

t/f: there is enteric coated fish oil
True False

t/f: contaminants like mercury in fish oil are a major concern
True False

t/f: Eating a diet with 1-2 servings of oily fish per week is enough to have cardiac protection
True False

Is flaxseed a long or short-chain omega 3?

What is found in short chain omega 3?

Why do we not recommend flaxseed as a supplement?

Which cardiac supp is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy?

What prescription drug is red yeast rice similar to?

This supp has cholesterol lowering effects?

How does hawthorn work?

t/f: it is best not to recommend hawthorn
True False

the flowers and leaves of this cardiac supp contain chlorgenic acid and flavonoids?

What supps might we use for the nervous system?

Which nervous system supp contains flavonoids, terpenoids, and organic acids?

This NS supp has antioxidant props and neural and retinal protective effects?

t/f: ginkgo is only recommended for folks who already have dementia or memory loss.
True False

t/f: healthy elderly patients probably should not take ginkgo
True False

What uses does ginkgo have other than for dementia?

t/f: roasted or fresh ginkgo seeds are safe to use
True False

What drug should you not take with ginkgo?

Which supp naturally regulates circadian rhythm, endocrine secretions, an sleep patterns?

_______ inhibits melatonin secretion?

This supp is effective for jet lag, the blind, mentally retarded, autistic, or other CNS disorders?

What dose of melatonin should you take for eastbound jet lag?

Women who are trying to get prego should not take this NS supp b/c will inhibit ovulation or decrease gonadal development?

What does 'wort' mean?

t/f: SJW may contain melatonin
True False

Hyperforin and adhyperforin are found in which NS supp and these modulate the effects of serotonin, dopamine, and NE?

This supp can be considered a good option for mild, short-term depression?

This supp is often used in conjunction with SJW for menopausal women?

This NS supp is used for insomnia, sedative-hypnotic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant and antispasmodic effects?

This NS supp may bind directly to GABA receptors?

What is the typical dose of valerian when used for insomnia?

This NS supp can reduce time to sleep onset and improve sleep quality?

T/F: some people may not see sedative effects from valerian (flippers) and may actually get excited
True False

This NS supp seems to be effective for depression and fibromyalgia, but can also cause EMS (eosinophilia myalgia syndrome)?

What is chamomile used for?

This NS supp contains a flavonoid called apigenin which is similar to BZD ligand?

Which NS supp which is a vitamin might help ameliorate migraines?

What NS effect would CoQ10 potentially have?

What supps would we use for digestive health?

What digestive supp is considered the first line treatment for N/V in prego women?

What is the dose of B6 for N/V in prego women?

Which digestive supp is similar to Zofran and may increase GI motility and act on serotonin receptors?

What is the dose of ginger to be used for N/V/morning sickness in prego?

What two conditions is ginger likely effective for and what condition is it likely ineffective for?

t/f: pyridoxine may be safer than ginger for prego women
True False

What is most commonly used part of milk thistle used?

What do we use milk thistle for?

this digestive supp has silymarin in it, which is a potent inhibitor of TNF, blocks cytotoxicity, inflammation and apoptosis, is an antioxidant, and is especially selective for liver cells?

This digestive supp may inhibit histamine release, is an antispasmodic due to direct relaxing effects on GI smooth muscle, and if applied topically can inhibit pain receptors b/c it contains menthol?

What do we use peppermint for?

This digestive product can be used orally, topically or rectally?

Since peppermint can cause heartburn, what should we tell the patient?

This digestive supp is used for patients on long term opioid therapy.

What do we use senna for?

These digestive supps are prodrugs that get activated by bacterial enzymes in the colon.

t/f: prego women can use senna
True False

This digestive supp can cause ab pain, cramps, bloating and depletion of electrolytes?

What supps do we use for the endocrine system?

What do we use alpha lipoic acid for?

What do we use ginseng for?

Should we use ginseng with warfarin?

What do we use DHEA for?

What are some side effects of DHEA?

This supp was banned by NCAA for stimulant-like activity?

This supp has had quality control problems and is endogenously produced from our adrenal glands and liver?

t/f: DHEA is possibly unsafe when taken orally in high doses for a long time
True False

Name some immune stimulants/performance enhancers.

What is the most commonly used natural supplement?

What do we use echinacea for?

What substances does green tea contain?

What do we use green tea for?

What 3 strains of bacteria do we have the most evidence of probiotic effectiveness for?

What functions does the flora in our GI have?

Which probiotic found in Activia helps improve slow intestinal transit?

Which probiotic is the most effective?

Which probiotic is most effective at treating C. diff?

t/f: probiotics are safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding
True False

t/f: probiotics are safe to use in the immunocompromised
True False

Which supp may decrease symptoms of the flu by 0.28 days?

What are the potential harms of cleansing?

Who should absolutely avoid cleansing?

What 2 supps do we use for kidney, urinary and prostate health?

t/f: cranberry acidifies the urine
True False

t/f: cranberry capsules are effective
True False

What chemicals does cranberry contain?

t/f: cranberry can be used to treat UTIs
True False

t/f: cranberry can interact with warfarin
True False

Which product was thought to decrease prostate growth/inflammation?

What 2 supps do we use for skin and mucous membrane health?

What do we use tea tree oil for (in relation to skin)?

What 2 non-herbal OTCs is tea tree oil comparable to?

What do we use aloe vera for?

this skin supp could cause menstruation and abortion if taken in too high of an oral dose?

What is the most common supp used for hot flashes?

Do not use this supp b/c of estrogen-like effects, possible liver damage and miscarriage of pregnancy?

Should we recommend phytoestrogens like soy, red clover isoflavonem, genistein, or daidzein?

Does soy work to treat hot flashes?

What are the 3 ways to evaluate the significance of drug-supplement interactions?

Where does grapefruit inhibit CYP3A4?

Which supplement has the most documented drug interactions?

What supplement increases the activity of all prodrugs?

What are the top 10 drugs that cause undesirable drug interactions?

If have to take calcium and levothyroxine what is the rule of thumb?

Which supplement can lower the seizure threshold?

Use SJW with caution with what 3 drug classes?

Use calcium with caution with what 3 drug classes?

Use ginkgo with caution with what 6 drug classes?

This supplement has replaced Ephedra as a weight loss supp?

Which supp should you not take with anti-arrythmics b/c might cause QT prolongation?

What supp could cause hyperkalemia if taken with ACE inhibitors or spironolactone or in patients with renal dysfunction?

this supp is linked to hepatoxicity especially when combined with other hepatotoxic drugs like statins, ketoconazole, lamisil, methotrexate and tylenol?

Which two supps should the elderly avoid if they are on warfarin or aspirin?

Why is black cohosh bad for inducing labor?

What is the biggest opponent to the tobacco control efforts?

Who has the highest rate of tobacco use?

t/f : nicotine is the addictive component of tobacco products, but it does not cause the ill health effects
True False

t/f: there are safer levels of second hand smoke
True False

What are some major health consequences of smoking?

t/f: separating smoking areas, cleaning the air, and using ventilation are effective at protecting non-smokers from second hand smoke
True False

What are the major health consequences of using smokeless tobacco?

t/f: there is no statewide law regarding smoke-free workplaces in wyoming
True False

where is the lowest tax placed on cigarettes?

Where is the highest cost for one pack of cigarettes?

About how much sooner do cigarette smokers die than non-smokers?

What are the different types of tobacco?

Among folks who continue to smoke, how many will die due to a tobacco-related disease?

How many adults are current smokers?

What is the most common form of tobacco used in the U.S?

What is the amount of nicotine contained in each cigarette?

t/f: snuff smokeless tobacco is on the rise
True False

What does the risk of smoking tobacco look like for pipes, cigars, cigarettes?

Which form of tobacco has twice the tar and nicotine of a standard cigarette?

Which form of tobacco has three times higher levels of carbon monoxide and nicotine and five times higher levels of tar than a standard cigarette?

What does PREPs stand for?

What are some noncombustible tobacco products?

Do PREPs reduce the risk of developing tobacco-related disease?

Where do we get the highest absorption of tobacco?

At what pH is nicotine readily absorbed?

What is the pH of the mouth?

What kind of effects does nicotine predominantly have?

t/f: nicotine is readily absorbed across skin and small intestine
True False

how long does it take nicotine to get to the brain?

What is the half life of nicotine?

How is nicotine excreted?

What are the 3 main contributing factors to tobacco use?

Which pathway in the brain does nicotine activate?

What drugs may have a decreased effect due to induction of CYP1A2?

Which drug will have an increased effect if used while smoking?

t/f: smoking decreases the efficacy of oral contraceptives
True False

Which women are at a significantly increased risk of stroke, MI, or thromboembolism?

What are the 5 A's of smoking cessation?

What are the most effective ways to quit smoking?

What are the 3 FDA approved drugs for smoking cessation?

What prego category are wellbutrin and chantix?

What prego category is NRT?

t/f: NRT should be recommended for smokeless tobacco user
True False

How much does NRT affect quit rates?

t/f: patients should stop using all forms of tobacco upon initiation of the NRT regimen
True False

Who needs to be supervised when using NRT?

Which NRT is most like smoking a cigarette?

What doses does nicotine gum come in?

How many cigarettes would someone smoke if you are going to give a 2 mg nicorette gum?

What dosage of nicorette gum would you recommend for someone smoking more than 25 cigs per day?

What is in the resin complex of nicorette gum?

What is max number of pieces of gum you can chew in a day?

Do not eat or drink for how long before using nicorette gum or a lozenge?

What is Commit and Nicotine Mini?

Which NRT delivers ~25% more nicotine than the equivalent gum dose?

What is the max number of lozenges to be taken per day?

When should you use a 2 mg lozenge?

To improve chances of quitting, how many pieces of gum or lozenges should you have daily during the first 6 weeks?

what are the dosages of nicotine patch (NicoDermCQ)?

How do we decide what dose of a nicotine patch to give?

What should we remove before an MRI?

One dose of nicotrol NS nasal spray contains how much nicotine?

How many doses are in a bottle of nicotine nasal spray?

How much nicotine does the nicotine inhaler have?

What is the min and max amount of cartridges of the nicotine inhaler you should use?

t/f: the mouthpiece for the nicotine inhaler can be reused
True False

How long is an open cartridge of nicotine inhaler good for?

Which NRT avoids food/drink problems?

Patients should begin therapy of what drug 1 to 2 weeks prior to quit date?

Patients should begin therapy of what drug 1 week prior to quit date?

Dry mouth and insomnia are common side effects of what cessation drug?

Seizure risk is increased when taking what cessation agent?

What is the half-life of chantix?

Patients might become agitated, depressed, hostile or have changes in behavior when taking which cessation agent?

Patients taking this cessation drug might give you GI upset or vivid dreams or insomnia?

What natural herbal could be used for smoking cessation?

How does lobeline work?

What grade of acne can patients self-treat for?

What are the 5 main causes of acne?

What medications can cause acne?

What are the pharmacological treatments for acne?

tinea capitis

tinea corporis

tinea pedis

tinea unguium (onychomycosis)

tinea cruris

What is an immediate exclusion to self care of treating fungal infections?

What is the most common type of tinea pedis?

What is favus?

What are the most common agents used to treat fungal infections?

Which antifungal can be used as a preventative measure?

What is a salt of aluminum that is used to treat fungal infections? (also can also be used for ears)

t/f: you can apply tolnaftate to broken skin
True False

What does fungistatic mean?

Which antifungal medication is not fungicidal?

What are the 3 phases of wound healing?

How many stages of wound depth are there?

What is another term for whitehead?

What is another term for blackhead?

Can we self treat papules, pustules or cysts on the skin?

What is grade 1 acne?

t/f: acne medications often make our skin worse before they make our skin better and can take 6-8 weeks to work
True False

What does mild acne look like?

What are some exacerbating factors for acne (not causes)?

Does chocolate cause acne?

What are some exclusions for self treating acne?

What are the adverse side effects of benzoyl peroxide?

What are the OTC strengths of benzoyl peroxide?

What are the Rx strengths of benzoyl peroxide?

This acne treatment can be bactericidal and keratolytic?

This acne treatment is comedolytic and keratolytic.

Who is contraindicated to take salicylic acid?

What are the OTC strengths of salicylic acid?

This acne treatment exfoliates and tingles?

What are the OTC concentrations of alpha-hydroxy acid?

This acne treatment may only be good for reducing scarring and uses glycolic, lactic and citric acids?

Which acne treatment should African Americans avoid?

Which acne product seems to be most efficacious (dosage form)?

t/f: if baby has acne, we can treat it with drug products
True False

What are the organisms most commonly involved in causing funal infections?

What is the most prevalent fungal infection?

When should you change a wound dressing?

t/f: antiseptic is recommended when self treating a wound
True False

What should we use to irrigate wounds?

What are some examples of antiseptics?

Which topical antibiotic works against gram negative bacteria?

Which topical antibiotic might get resistance to develop?

This topical antibiotic could potentially cause ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity if too much is used?

this topical antibiotic increases rate of hypersensitivity and allergies?

T/F: both neomycin and polymyxin B sulfate work against gram negative bacteria
True False

This fungal infection must be treated w/ systemic antifungals or pro nail removal?

In general, should we recommend hydrogen peroxide?

Which antiseptic can be used as a douche or wound irrigant and is not irritating?

This antiseptic is effective against protozoa, fungi, bacteria, spores, viruses and yeast?

Which topical antibiotic is used to fight gram positive bacteria?

How many days should you give a wound to heal before you call your PCP?

This type of tinea pedis has fissuring, scaling, or maceration in the inter-digital spaces, bad odor, itching and stinging sensation?

This type of tinea pedis usually involves the lateral toe webs and typically spreads to the sole or instep of the foot and gets worse in warm, humid environments?

This type of tinea pedis usually presents on both feet and has mild inflammation, diffuse moccasin-like scaling on the soles of the feet?

If patient has tinea pedis and tinea onychomycosis/unguium, what do you treat first?

this type of tinea pedis shows small vesicles near the instep or mid-anterior plantar surface and has skin scaling in the toe webs?

This type of tinea pedis is aggravated in summer and dormant in cooler months?

This type of tinea pedis is complicated by bacteria such as proteus and pseudomonas, gives a pungent odor, white hyperkeratosis, maceration, weeping ulcerations on the sole, and may be painful?

This type of fungal infection is not really a medical emergency but shows symptoms like opaque, yellow, thick nails, nail separation, or nail falls off?

What are the symptoms of tinea capitis?

t/f: we can self treat a nail or scalp fungus
True False

What is the typical duration of therapy for antifungals?

Terbinafine

Clotrimazole and Miconazole

Butenafine

Tolnaftate

Salts of Aluminum

t/f: salts of aluminum have antifungal properties
True False

What are salts of aluminum approved and most useful for?

What dosage form is the most effective antifungally?

How long does the inflammatory wound healing phase take?

How long does the proliferative wound healing phase take?

How long does the maturation wound healing phase take?

What are some disease states that have poor vascularization and may take longer to heal a wound?

What are some meds that will slow wound healing?

What factors contribute to good or poor wound healing?

What two factors do we use to classify a wound?

What are the main goals of wound care (3)?

What products absorb moisture of wounds?

What products maintain moisture of wounds?

What products provide moisture to a wound?

t/f: we should ace this test
True False