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Sassacus
grand sachem of the pequots
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where was the pequot fort located?
groton-near new london-fitch high
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Captain Stone
Killed by the Nehantics-an outshoot of the Pequots for reasons unknown. a huge trigger for the pequot war.
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Peace negotiations with the pequots
pequots don't want to form a treaty with the Narragansetts. Narr are already have an alliance with the English
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Massachusetts Bay-Pequot treaty:
- to hand over Stone’s murderersto
- pay indemnity of �250 sterling in wampum
- cede Connecticut lands to trade with the English
- to have peace negotiations with Narragansetts mediated by the English.
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Pequot decision to the MA Bay-Pequot treaty proposal:
object to the indemnity and arguing that Stone’s murderers were all either dead or beyond their reach.
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John Winthrop
Governor of CT Colony 1636
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what was the deal with john oldham?
- Narr kill oldham.
- oldham was on his way back from trading on the CT river.
- Gallop sees Oldham getting killed
- English blame the pequots for murdering Oldham (EXCUSE)
- Narr then turn around and blame the Pequots too!
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What English General goes to Block Island to find the Pequots?
- Endicott
- wants to kill the pequots as punishment
- asks Lion Gardiner (general of fort saybrook) for help
- eventually finds the pequots but they are able to escape unharmed
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Pequot's chance to avoid war with the english:
- try to negotiate peace with the narr but the english get word before negotiations can take place.
- english get Roger williams to persuade the narr to not make peace
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Attack on Fort Saybrook:
- Siege continues intermittently for months.
- Mohegans help the English protect the fort
- Capt. Mason helps Gardiner defend the fort
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Miantiamo
Sachem of the Narraganssett
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Mason decides to attack Pequot harbor
- Mason leaves Hartford with 90 colonists and 60 Mohegans under Uncas to attack Pequot fort Sassacus, on Pequot Harbor.
- English and their allies approach Sassacus's Pequot Harbor fort.
- They decide to attack fort at Mystic instead. English and allies arrive at Mystic at night and make camp (porters rocks)
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Fate of the Pequots:
- Sassacus wants to cont. fighting but his tribesmen dont support him.
- the english are determined to kill off the pequots--genocide.
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Stoughton goes on a massacre expedition
- english trap pequot warriors in a swap
- capt. patrick and stoughton lead this attack against new haven fort--near a swamp
- narr are harboring pequots and the english say they just want to check it out but instead massacre the entire fort
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sassacus escapes
goes to the pequots ancient enemy the mohawks for help but they decline him and kill him.
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4 things that ultimately happen to the pequots:
- 1. people die
- 2. some people try to assimilate into other tribes
- 3. put into slaverly on the island
- 4. taken captives by the mohegans and the Narr.
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Narr and Mohegans after the Pequots
- Miantiamo and Uncas meet in a field prepared to fight
- uncas beats miantiamo
- narr chief is startled but cant run too far because of armor.
- mohegans catch narr chief eventually
- Mohegans give Miantiamo to the British
- Brits give Miantiamo back and the Mohegans kill him
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Who killed Miantiamo?
- Uncas's brother kills Miantiamo with a hatchet to the head so uncas doesnt have to get blood on his hands
- uncas DOES eat Miantiamo's flesh, however.
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Were there people that visited the Americas before columbus?
- probably
- we know this because of artifacts such as coins and tools that predate 1492
- Pottery from japan found in south america
- rocks in norwich
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gifts of the white man:
- slavery
- disease
- cow
- horse
- gun
- booze
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gift of the cow
destroys the forests indians hunt from for pasture land
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gift of the horse
- positive aspects: transportation easier, hunting
- negative aspects: war because people can now invade other peoples lands
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Gifts from the Natives to the Whites
- tobacco
- corn
- wood craft
- fur
- potato
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Miles Standish
military leader of the pilgrims
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thomas westin
- village idiot who sets up a settlement and is a terrible leader. he steals from the indians during the winter because he has no forethought.
- asks helps from standish to go to the indians
- standish and westin go to the leader of the MA Bay indians, kill him, and cuts his head off.
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relationship with the pilgims
- took 50 years until 1671 when Wamsatta decides that hes foing to sell land outside of plymouth
- the colonists get mad because they want that land for themselves
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english's response to wamsatta's decision: Metacoms Rebellion/ King Phillips War
- capture wamsattas brother and force him to say that his brother, metacom is trying to take over new england
- they need an excuse to kill the indians
- metacom gets word of the english's lie and decides to attack them
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King Phillips War
- Metamcom attacks 52 settlements
- starts when an indian breaks into an abandon house--straw that breaks the camels back
- metacom asks for help from the Narr
- metacom wins
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Great Swamp Fight
- Metacom and his tribe take shelter with the Narr.
- the brits hear that they are hiding at the Narr fort and decide that they are going to "check" on the fort
- instead they surround the fort, and kill 100s of Narr-basically wiped out
- Metacom escapes
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