Chapter 47

Diseases that is caused by agents that have invaded the body

any agent that causes disease

"rules" for determining the cause of a disease

Epithelial tissue that protects the interior surfaces of the body that may be exposed to pathogen

a series of events that supress infection and speed recovery

• a substance that increases blood flow to the injured area and increases the permeability of the surrounding capillaries
• results in redness, swelling, warmth, and pain

a type of white blood cell that ingest and destroy foreign matter

the most abundant type of phagocyte in the body

a type of phagocyte that engulfs pathogens and cellular debris

large white blood cells that attack pathogen-infected cells

• circulate the blood and becomes active when they encounter certain pathogens
• made up of about 20 different proteins

• a nonspecific defence
• a protein released by cells infected with viruses

where the cells and tissues recognize and attack foreign substances in the body , provides the body's specific defences

the white blood cells of the immune system

• a gland located above the heart
• helps produce a special kind of lymphocyte

• the largest lymphatic organ in the body
• stores healthy blood cells
• breaks down aging red blood cells
• help develop lymphocytes and other white blood cell

• one of the two types of lymphocytes
• made in the bone marrow and complete their development there

• one of the two types of lymphocytes
• also made in the bone marrow but completes development after traveling to the thymus

• any substance that the immune system can recognize and react too
• causes lymphocytes to react

the reaction of the body against an antigen

involved in the immune response and is required in the humoral immune response

an immune responcse that functionsto defend cells against invasion by foreign cells and that depends on the action of T cells

• also known as killer T cells
• recognize and destroy cells that have been infected by the pathogen

involves in the action of B cells and occurs at the same time the cell-mediated immune response occurs

highly specialized cells that make defensive proteins called antibodies that are released in the blood cells

binds to a specific antigen or inactives or destroys toxins

lymphocytes that will not respond the first time they meet with an antigenbut will recognize and attack that antigen during later infections

the ability to resist an infectious disease

the introduction of antigens into the body to cause immunity

a respitory disorder that causes the airways in the lungs to narrow

a disease in which the immune system attacks the organism's own cells

• acquired immunodeficiancy syndrome
• where the immune system loses its ability to fight of pathogens and cancers

• human immundeficiency virus
• the virus that causes AIDS

illnesses caused by pathogens that produce disease in pople with weakened immune system