PADO

• 14.7 psi
• or
• 101 kPa

0.5 psi (3.5 kPa) per 1000 feet

0.434 psi

• 1 liter of volume,
• 1 kilogram of mass,
• 1 kPa of pressure

2.304 feet

62.5 pounds

• Primary feeders - 16"
• Secondary feeders - 12"
• Distributors - 8"
• Hydrant supplies: Residential - 6"
• Commercial - 8"

0.2-1.0%

• 0.2-0.5 - fire attack; CAFS
• 0.5-1.0 - exposure protection
• 0.3-0.7 - air aspirating foam nozzles

• Amount of water being discharged
• Speed of the impeller
• Pressure of water entering the pump

Alcohol resistant aqueous film forming foam

• 1¹/₄" - 400 gpm, 36 psi
• 1¹/₂" - 600 gpm, 78 psi
• 1³/₄" - 800 gpm, 136 psi
• 1⁷/₈" - 900 gpm, 171 psi
• 2" - 1,000 gpm, 210 psi

• 80 psi
• 400 gpm
• FL = 36 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" line

• 80 psi
• 600 gpm
• FL = 78 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" line

• 80 psi
• 800 gpm
• FL = 136 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" line

• 80 psi
• 900 gpm
• FL = 171 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" line

• 80 psi
• 1,000 gpm
• FL = 210 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" line

• 75/80/80
• 75^o elevation
• 80% extension
• 80 psi nozzle pressure on smooth bore

250 gpm = 1 ton per minute

• Net pump discharge pressure
• work pump has to do on water

Hydrant at 100 psi with PDP of 150 psi = NPDP of 50 psi

Burn ¹/₂ gallon diesel per hour

Cause carbon build-up on injectors, valves, pistons, and valve seats; damage turbo shaft

Society of Automotive Engineers

SAE number indicates viscosity

• Aerial ladders
• Elevating platforms
• Water towers

FL = CQ²L

• C = 1³/₄" = 15.5
• 2¹/₂" = 2
• 5" = 0.08

One hydrant hooked to pumper, excess hydrant pressure flows through 1^st pumper to 2^nd pumper

• TFT - 170 gpm, 35 psi
• Control Nozzle on 2¹/₂" - 250 gpm, 15 psi
• ³/₄" - 120 gpm, 20 psi
• ⁷/₈" - 160 gpm, 30 psi
• ¹⁵/₁₆" - 180 gpm, 40 psi
• 1" - 200 gpm, 50 psi
• 1¹/₈" (2¹/₂" hose) - 250 gpm, 15 psi
• 1¹/₄" (2¹/₂" hose) - 325 gpm, 25 psi

• 50 psi
• 200 gpm
• FL = 50 psi per 100' of 1 ³/₄" hose

• 50 psi
• 250 gpm
• FL = 15 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" hose

• 50 psi
• 325 gpm
• FL = 25 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" hose

• Accelerate to 35 mph in 25 seconds
• Minimum top speed 50 mph
• Stop from 20 mph in 35'

Pumps 250 psi for 3 min

1,000 to 5,000 gpm

6' above roof line

Stay away minimum of 10'

Height of Building x 1.5

• 100 psi
• 170 gpm
• FL = 35 psi per 100' of 1³/₄" hose

• 100 psi
• 250 gpm
• FL = 15 psi per 100' of 2¹/₂" hose

Standard for Fire Service Vehicle Operations Training Program

Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program

Standard for Firefighter Professional Qualifications

Standard for Wildland Fire Apparatus

Standard on Medical Requirements for Firefighters

Standard for Testing Fire Department Aerial Devices

Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus. Requires minimum pump capacity of 750 gpm.

Standard for Professional ADO Qualifications (includes preventative maintenance and inspections)

• Apparatus equipped with:
• 1. Pump > 1,000 gpm
• 2. Tank > 300 gallons
• 3. Ground Ladders > 85'
• 4. Hose > 800' of 2¹/₂" Supply + 400' of 1³/₄" Attack
• 5. Aerial Device

3,500 psi positive displacement rotary vane or rotary gear

• Manual
• Mechanical
• Electrical
• Hydraulic

or combination of these

• Pneumatic - 50 - 140 psi air
• Electric
• Hydraulic

or combination of these

• Low: 0 - 20:1
• Med: 20:1 - 200:1
• High: 200:1 - 1,000:1

• Foam concentrate
• Water
• Air
• Mechanical agitation

• 0.2 - 0.5% = fire attack/overhaul
• 0.5 - 1.0% = exposure protection
• 0.3 - 0.7% = any application with air aspirating nozzles
• 0.2 - 0.5% = CAFS

• Chemical
• Mechanical

Not capable of supplying full power when hose exceeds 100'

• Improper Backing
• Reckless Driving (Public)
• Excessive Speed
• Lack of Driving Skill
• Poor Apparatus Design or Maintenance

• Aim high in steering
• Get "big picture"
• Keep eyes moving
• Leave yourself an "out"
• Make sure others see or hear you

• Front brake limiting
• Interaxle differential lock
• ABS Anti-lock Braking System
• ATC Automatic Traction Control

Front of involved portion of structure

Prevents unintentional or undesireable operation

3-way valve directs fluid to stabilizers or Aerial, but not both at the same time

70^o to 80^o when possible

6 - 14%

Aerial should not be extended or retracted over side of apparatus

Achieved on grades up to 5 - 6%

• 62.5 lbs per ft³
• 8.33 lbs per gallon
• Column of water 2.304' tall = 1 psi
• 1 ft³ of water = 0.434 psi, 7.5 gallons

5,000 Watts

12,000 Watts

Common on Aerials

• Perpendicular
• Lateral (Bad)

350 gpm

350 gpm or greater

60-120 ft/sec at 25-100 psi

80 psi

NR = 1.57 x d² x NP

NR = 0.0505 x Q x

PDP = NP + TPL

Standard for manufacturer's design of Fire Department ground ladders

750 gpm

The amount of particulate matter suspended in water

An indication of how much more water is available in the system

Recommended Practice for Fire Flow testing and marking of hydrants

Can deliver up to 500 gpm

• C - Air Compressor cuts in no lower than 85 psi
• O - Air compressor cuts Out in high idle between 110-120 psi
• L - Low pressure warning kicks on, parking brake kicks in around 40 psi
• A - Air Leakage rate < 3 psi per min.

• 100% volume @ 150 psi
• 70% volume @ 200 psi
• 50% volume @ 250 psi

150 gpm

180 -200 gpm

The PDP is equal in to the flow in gallons per minute from the nozzle.

• Subtract 12 from the first two digits of the flow. That will give friction loss for 100' of 2¹/₂" hose.
• For flows above 350, drop 12 and then add back in the first digit of the flow; i.e., 350-> 35 - 12 = 23 + 3 = 26

• Atmospheric Pressure at sea level
• 30" of mercury
• 33.9' of water

1.5 x D² x NP

12.1 x

• 5 psi per floor/10' of elevation (do not count ground floor)
• 25 psi for Standpipe
• 25 psi for prepiped Aerial
• 10 psi for Wye/Siamese

• 10% drop = 3 more like volumes
• 15% drop = 2 more like volumes
• 25% drop = 1 more like volume

• Use "Key Positions," including:
• Aerial placement in relation to overhead obstructions
• Engine placement in relation to water supply
• Priorities: Safety, Incident Objectives, Incident Expansion.
• Level I Staging for 2 or more like vehicles
• Level II Staging for multiple alarms or mutual aid

• Check for injuries
• Report to law enforcement and BC if injuries or outside property damage are present
• Report to BC if on emergency response and no injuries or outside property damage are present
• Remain on-scene if not on emergency response and injuries or outside property damage are present

• Type 1:
• 1000 gpm pump at 150 psi, 400+ gallon tank, 1200' of 2¹/₂", 400' of 1¹/₂", 48' of ladders, 500 gpm master stream, 4 Personnel

• Type 2:
• 250 gpm pump at 150 psi, 400+ gallon tank, 1000' of 2¹/₂", 500' of 1¹/₂", 48' of ladders,
• 3 Personnel

• Type 3:
• 150 gpm @ 250 psi, 500+ gallons, 500' of 1¹/₂", 500' of 1", 3 personnel

• Type 4:
• 50 gpm @ 100 psi, 750+ gallons, 300' of 1¹/₂", 300' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type 5:
• 50 gpm @ 100 psi, 400-750 gallons, 300' of 1¹/₂", 300' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type 6:
• 30 gpm @ 100 psi, 150-400 gallons, 300' of 1¹/₂", 300' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type 7:
• 10 gpm @ 100 psi, 50-200 gallons, 200' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type I:
• 1000 gpm, 400 gal., 1200' of 2.5", 400' of 1.5", 200' of 1", 4 personnel

• Type II:
• 500 gpm, 400 gal., 1000' of 2.5", 500' of 1.5", 300' of 1", 3 personnel

• Type III: 
• 120 gpm, 500 gal., 1000' of 1.5", 800' of 1", 3 personnel

• Type IV:
• 70 gpm, 750 gal., 300' of 1.5", 300' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type V:
• 50 gpm, 500 gal., 300' of 1.5", 300' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type VI:
• 50 gpm, 200 gal., 300' of 1.5", 300' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type VII:
• 50 gpm, 125 gal., 200' of 1.5", 200' of 1", 2 personnel

• Type 1:
• 5000 gal., 300 gpm, 30 min refill time

• Type 2:
• 2500 gal., 200 gpm, 20 min refill time

• Type 3:
• 1000 gal., 200 gpm, 15 min refill time

• Type I:
• 2000 gal., 300 gpm

• Type II:
• 1000 gal., 120 gpm

• Type III:
• 1000 gal., 50 gpm