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temprature
a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles within an object
thermometer
a device that measures temprature
absolute zero
the temprature at which an objects energy is minimal
heat
the transfer of energy from the particles of one objectto those of another object due to a temprature difference between the two objects
conduction
the transfer of energy a heat between particles as they collide within a substance or between two objects in contact
convection
the transfer of energy by the movement of fluids with different tempratures
convection current
the flow of a fluid do to heated expansion followed by cooling and contraction
radiation
the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
conductor
a material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat
insulator
a material that is a poor energy conductor
specific heat
the amount of energy transferred as heat that will raise the temprature of 1kg of a substance by 1k
heating system
any device or process that transfers energy to a substance to raise the temprature of the substance
cooling system
a device that transfers energy as heat out of an object to lower its temprature
refrigerant
a substance that used in coolong systems that transfers large amounts of energy as it changes state
reactant
a substance that undergoes a chemical change
product
a substance that is the result of a chemical change
chemical energy
the energy stored within atoms amd molecules that can be released when a substance reacts
exothermic reaction
a reaction that transfers energy from the reactants to the surroundings usually as heat
endothermic reaction
a eaction in which energy is transferred to the reactants usually as heat from the surroundings
synthesis reaction
a reaction of at least two substances that forms a new, more complex compound
decomposition reaction
a reaction in which one compound breaks into at least two products
electrolysis
the decomposition of a compound by an electric current
combustion reaction
a reaction in which a compound and oxygen burn
single-displacement reaction
a reaction in which atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound
double-displacement reaction
a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound is formed from the apparent exchange of ions between two compounds
reduction/oxidation (redox) reaction
a reaction that occurs when electrons are transferred from one reactant to another
radicals
the fragments of molecules that have at least one electron available for bonding
chemical equation
an equation that uses chemical formulas and symbols to show the reactants and products in a chemical reaction
catalyst
a substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed
enzyme
a protein that speeds up a specific biochemical reaction
substrate
the specific substance affected by an enzyme
equilibrium
the state in which a chemical reaction and its reverse occur at the same time and at the same rate
Author
nallmw
ID
14079
Card Set
science
Description
flashcards
Updated
2010-04-13T14:29:23Z
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