Psych 19 Ch. 4

  1. Body Growth
    • -Gains 50% in height from birth to age 1
    • -75% by age 2

    • -Grow in spurts
    • -Gain "baby fat" until about 9 months, then get slimmer
    • -Girls slightly shorter, lighter than boys

    • -Growth Differences
    • -Male/Female
    • -Ethnic
    • -Individual rate (skeletal age and growth norms)
  2. Cephalocaudal trend
    • -Head to tail
    • -Lower body part of body grows later than the head
  3. Proximodistal trend
    • -Near to far (also considered "inside out")
    • -Growth occurs from the center of the body and outward
    • Ex. Head, chest, and trunk (1st), then arms and legs
  4. Brain plasticity
    Highly plastic cerebral cortex, which many areas are not yet committed to specific functions, but has a high capacity for learning. If a part of the cortex is damaged other parts can take over tasks.

    -In infants and young children, parts of brain are not yet specialized.

    • -Recover better from brain injury
    • -language recovers better than spatial skills
    • -still have some problems with complex mental skills

    -Older children, even adults have some plasticity
  5. Experience-expectant brain growth
    • Ordinary experiences "expected" by brain to grow normally
    • Ex. Baby talking at 9-14 months
  6. Experience-dependent brain growth
    Additional growth as a result of specific learning experiences
  7. Breastfeeding benefits
    • -Correct fat-protein balance
    • -Nutritionally complete\
    • -More digestable
    • -Better growth
    • -Disease protection
    • -Better jaw and tooth development
    • -Ensures digestibility
    • -Easier transition to solid food
  8. Nonorganic failure to thrive
    Growth disorder resulting from lack of parental love, is usually present by 18 months of age.

    • -Symptoms similar to maramus (wasted condition of the body)
    • -Non-biological cause
    • -Can be corrected if treated early
  9. Habituation
    Refers to a gradual reduction in the strength of a response due to repetitive stimulation
Author
BBaller3233
ID
140616
Card Set
Psych 19 Ch. 4
Description
Psych 19 Ch. 4 Flashcards
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