-
MULTI-
- many, multiple, excessive
- multiple sclera/osis (MS)
- many: hardening/condition of
- (hardening of nerves and myelin sheath around nerves causing paralysis)
- related term(s): PLURI-, POLY-
-
MUMPS
- swelling
- mumps
- swelling
- (viral infection of parotid saliva gland near
- ear: progresses to gonad/itis, pancreat/itis,
- nephr/itis, myocard/itis, and arthr/itis. Also
- known as par/ot/itis 'near/ear/inflamed')
-
MY/O-
- muscle
- my/oma
- muscle or muscular/tumor
- alternate spelling: MY-, MYOS-
-
MYC/O-
- fungus
- myc/oid
- fungus/resembles
-
MYDRI/O-
- to widen
- mydri/opt/ic
- to widen/vision/refers to
- (pupil of eye dilates)
-
MYEL/O-
- spinal cord or bone marrow
- myelo/gram
- spinal cord/recording
- myel/itis
- bone marrow/inflamed
-
MYRING/O-
- eardrum
- myring/itis
- eardrum/inflamed (infected)
-
MYX/O-
- mucus
- myx/oma
- mucus/tumor or swelling
- myx/oid
- mucus/resembles
-
NANO-
- 1 billionth
- nano/meter
- 1 billionth part
- nano/meter - 1 billionth/ of meter
- (39.37 inches is a meter)
-
NARC/O-
- sleep
- narco/lepsy
- sleep/seizure
- (hypno- also means sleep)
-
NARES
- nose opening
- nares
- nose opening
-
-
NAT-
- birth
- nat/al
- birth/refers to
- related term(s): NAT/O-, PARTO-, TOCI/O-
-
NATRI-
- sodium or salt
- hyper/natr/emia
- increase/sodium or salt/in blood
-
NAVICUL/O-
- boat or boat shaped
- navicul/ar
- boat shaped/refer to
- (ankle and wrist scaphoid bones)
-
NECR/O-
- death, dead, dying
- necrot/ic
- death, dead, dying/refers to
- (mortification or the death process of any body cells)
- necr/osis
- death, dead, dying/condition of
- related term(s): THANAT/O
-
-
NEPHR/O-
- kidney
- nephr/itis
- kidney/inflamed
-
NEUR/O-
- nerve
- neur/algia
- nerve/pain
-
NEUTR/O-
- neither or neutral
- neutro/phil(e)
- neither or neutral/love for
- (WBC that stains with a neutral PH of 7)
-
NEV/O-
- birthmark
- nev/us
- birthmark/refers to
- (moles, stains and other skin discolorations)
-
NIGRA-
- black
- nigra bodies
- black: structures in and around cell nucleus
- alternate spelling: NIGRI-, NIGRO-
- related term(s): MELAN/O-
-
NIN/O-
- nine
- nin/us
- nine/pertains to
- related term(s): NOV-
-
NOCT/I-
- night or blind
- noct/uria
- night/urination (excessive)
- related term(s): NYCTO-
-
-NOIA
- mind
- para/noia
- beyond/mind
- (psychotic mental condition: loss of reality)
-
NUCLE/O-
- nut
- nucle/us
- nut (shaped)/refers to
-
NULL/I-
- none or no
- nulli/para
- none or no (null or voided)/births
-
NUTRI/O-
- to nourish
- nutri/tion
- to nourish/process of
-
-O/PEXY
- to fixate, attach, sew
- nephr/opex/y
- kidney/fixate, attach, sew (suture)/procedure of
-
-O/PLASTY
- repair or plastic surgery
- rhino/plast/y
- nose/repair or plastic surgery/procedure of
-
-O/RRHAGIA
- bursting forth or heavy flow
- meno/rrhagia
- monthly (female cycle)/bursting forth (heavy flow)
-
-O/RRHEA
- discharge or flow
- men/o/rrhea
- monthly/discharge or flow (slow)
- gon/o/rrhea
- gonad/flow
-
-O/RRHEXIS
- rupture or protrusion
- enter/o/rrhexis
- intestine (small)/rupture or protrusion
- related term(s): -O/RRHEXIA
-
OBLIQUE
- side-long or slanted
- oblique
- side-long or slanted (at a 45 '+/-' degree angle)
-
OBSTETR/I-
- midwife
- obstetr/ics
- midwife (childbirth)/pertains to
-
OCCIPIT/O-
- back of head
- occipit/otomy
- back of head/opening (surgical procedure)
- occipit/al
- back of head/pertains to
-
OCCLUSI/O-
- closure or blockage
- occlus/ion
- closure or blockage/process of
-
OCCULT/O-
- hidden
- occult/a (spina bi/fida)
- hidden (thorn: two/clefts)/refers to
-
OCT/O-
- eight
- oct/agon
- eight/walls
- alternate spelling: OCTA-
- related term(s): OCTI-
-
OCUL/O-
- eye
- oculo/motor
- eye/movement
-
ODONT/O-
- tooth
- odont/oid
- tooth/resembling
-
-OID
- resembling
- lip/oid
- fat/resembling
- epi/derm/oid
- upper/skin/resembling
-
OLEO-
- oil
- oleo/vitamin
- oil (fish oil)/life giving (fat soluble vitamins)
-
-OLEUM
- oil
- oleo/infusion
- oil/injection
- (formulation of a drug in oil)
- petr/oleum
- stone/oil
-
OLFACT/O-
- smelling or smell
- olfact/ory
- smelling or smell/process of
- related term(s): OSMO-
-
OLIG/O-
- few, scanty, slight, little
- oligo/meno/rrhea
- few, scanty, slight, little/monthly/flow
-
-OLOG/Y
- science or study of, process of
- hist/olog/y
- web-like or tissue/science of or study of/process of
- related term(s): -LOG-
-
-OMA
- tumor or swelling
- carcin/oma
- crab or crab-like/tumor or swelling
-
OMO-
- shoulder
- omo/burs/itis
- shoulder (near arm)/sack/inflamed
- related term(s): OMI-
-
OMPHAL/O-
- navel or umbilicus
- omphal/ectomy
- navel or umbilicus/removal (excision)
-
ONC/O-
- tumor
- onco/log/y
- tumor/science or study of/process of
- onco/log/ist
- tumor/science of or study of/specialist
- (Note - all tumors are not cancer. ex: 'benign growths')
-
ONYCH/O-
- nail
- onycho/fidia
- nail/split
- related term(s): UNGUIN/O-
-
OOPHOR/O-
- ovary
- oophor/itisce
- ovary (seed producer)/inflamed
-
OPHTHALM/O-
- eye or eyeball
- ophthalm/olog/ist
- eye/science or study of/specialist
- ophthalm/ic
- eye or eyeball/refer to
-
OPISTH/O-
- backwards (bending)
- opistho/tonus
- backward (bending)/tone
- (muscle contractions tilting head & spine
- backward; seen with tetanus and Central Nervous
- System injuries)
-
OPTO-
- vision, sight, eye
- opto/metr/ist
- vision or sight/measurement/specialist
- related term(s): -OPT-, OPIA-, -OPSY
-
ORA-
- mouth
- or/al
- mouth/pertains to
-
ORB-
- circle or dish
- orbit/al
- circle or dish (eye socket)/pertains to
- (orbit is actually a circular track)
- related term(s): ORBIT/O-
-
ORCHI/O-
- teste or seed producer
- orchi/oma
- teste or seed producer/tumor or swelling
- orch/itis
- testicle/inflamed
- related term(s): GON/O-, ORCHID/O-
-
-OREXIA
- appetite
- an/orexia
- without/appetite (not hungry)
-
-ORRHAPHY
- suturing or repair
- neur/orrhaph/y
- nerve/suturing or repair/procedure of
-
ORTH/O-
- straight, normal, correct
- ortho/dont/ic
- straight, normal, correct/teeth/refers to
-
OS-
- mouth
- trache/os/tom/y
- windpipe/mouth/cut/process
-
OSCILL/O-
- to swing
- oscillo/graph
- to swing/instrument (that measure electric activity of heart and muscles)
-
-
-OSIS
- condition of or disease
- scoli/osis
- crooked (lateral curve)/condition of or disease
- related term(s): -ASIS, -ESIS, -SIS
-
OSMO-
- smell
- an/osm/ia
- without/smell/refers to
- related term(s): OLFACT/O-
-
OSTE/O-
- bone
- osteo/path
- bone/disease
- (most diseases caused by bone misalignment)
- osteo/por/osis
- bone/cavities (pores)/condition of
-
-OSTOMY
- mouth like opening produced by surgery
- col/ostomy
- colon/opening (mouth like formation) procedure
-
-
-OTOMY
- cutting, to cut, cut into
- tracheo/tom/y
- rough (windpipe)/cut into/procedure of
- ana/tom/y
- apart/cutting/procedure of or process of
-
-OTRIPSY
- crushing or to crush
- neur/otrips/y
- nerve/crushing or to crush/procedure of (surgical)
- litho/tripsy
- stone/crushing/procedure of (kidney or gall stones 'calculi')
-
OV/O-
- egg
- ov/ary
- egg/refer to
- ovul/ate
- egg/state of or process of (producing)
- alternate spelling: O/O-, OVA-, OVI-
- related term(s): OV/U-
-
OX/Y-
- sharp or oxygen molecules
- oxy/op/ia
- sharp/vision/refers to
- oxy/gen
- sharp (mentally)/producing, developing, forming
- oxy/gen/ation
- oxygen (molecules)/development/process of
- alternate spelling: OX/O-
-
PACHY-
- thick
- pachy/derm/ia
- thick/skin/refers to
- related term(s): PACHY/DERM (elephant-like)
-
PALAT/O-
- palate, plate or plate of the mouth roof
- palato/plasty
- palate (roof of mouth)/repair
- palat/oplasty
- roof of mouth or palate/surgical repair
- palat/ine
- plate of mouth roof (skull bones)/state of
-
PALL/O-
- pale or lack of color
- pall/or
- pale or lack of color/one who
- (characteristic of illness)
-
PALM/A-
- palm or palm of hand
- palm/ar
- palm or palm of hand/refer to
- (front of the hand 'palms forward' as seen in the human anatomical position)
-
PALPAT/O-
- touching or to touch
- palpat/ion
- touching or to touch/process of
- (physical diagnosis procedure)
-
PALPEBRA-
- eyelid
- palpebr/itis
- eyelid/inflamed
- related term(s): BLEPHARO-
-
PALPIT-
- quivering or fluttering
- palpit/ation
- quivering or fluttering (heart)/process of
-
PALSY
- slight or moderate paralysis
- Cerebral Palsy (C.P.)
- brain: paralysis
- (injury to brain that causes temporary or permanent loss of
- sensation, movement, control)
-
PAN-
- all, total, complete
- pan/dem/ic
- all, total, complete/people/pertain to
- (spread of disease)
- pan/creat/itis
- all/flesh/inflamed
-
PAPILLA-
- nipple
- papill/ary
- nipple/state of or refer to
-
PARA-
- near, beside, beyond, around, similar, abnormal
- para/thyr/oid
- near/shield shaped/resembling
- related term(s): PAR-
-
-PARESIS
- paralysis
- hemi/pare/sis
- half/paralysis (slight)/condition of
- (this occurs in tertiary syphilis of C.N.S.)
- related term(s): -PLEG/IA
-
PARIET/O-
- wall or partition
- pariet/al
- wall or partition/refer to (skull bone)
- partition/refer to (pertains to walls of a cavity)
- alternate spelling: PARIET-
- related term(s): PHRAG-, SEPTA-
-
PART/O-
- birth or labor
- post/part/um
- after/birth or labor/refers to
- related term(s): NAT-, NATO, TOCI/O-
-
PATELL/O-
- little dish or knee cap
- patell/ar
- little dish (knee cap)/refer to
-
PATH/O-
- disease
- path/o/log/y
- disease/science of or study of/process of
-
PAUS/O-
- stoppage
- meno/paus/al
- monthly/stoppage/refers to
- (female 30 day '+/-' cycle)
-
PECT/O-
- chest
- pector/al
- chest (anterior breast area)/refer to
- related term(s): PECTERO-
-
PED-
- foot or feet
- ped/al
- foot or feet/refer to
- alternate spelling: PEDO-, PEDI-, related term(s): PES, POD-, PODO-
-
PEDI-
- child
- ped/iatrics
- child/treat
- ped/ia/tric/ian
- child/treats or cures/one who
- related term(s): PEDIA-
-
PEDICUL/O-
- lice
- pediculo/sis
- lice (head, body or pubic)/condition of
-
PELI-
- purple
- peli/osis
- purple/condition of
- (purple spots seen in and on immuno/compromised patients)
-
PELL-
- skin
- pell/agra
- skin/rough or painful
- related term(s): CORI/O-, CUT-, CUTI/O-, DERMAT/O-, DERMO-
-
PELVI/O-
- base, basin, pelvis
- pelv/ic
- base, basin, pelvis/refers to
- (bounded by hip bones and sacrum)
- alternate spelling: PELV/O-
-
PEN/O-
- tail, organ of copulation, penis
- pen/itis
- penis/inflamed
-
-PENIA
- decrease in number
- leuko/cyto/penia
- white (WBC's)/cells/decrease in number
-
PENT/A-
- five
- pent/agon
- five/walls
- penta/dactyl five (normal)/fingers and toes on each limb
-
PEPS/O-
- digestion
- dys/peps/ia
- difficult or painful/digestion/refers to
- alternate spelling: PEP-, PEPSI-, PEPT/O-
-
PER-
- through
- per/cutane/ous
- through/skin/state of
- per/meate
- through/opening
-
PERI-
- around
- peri/cardi/um
- around/heart/refers to
- peri/stal/sis
- around/to clasp and compress/condition
-
PERINE/O-
- base or floor
- perin/eal
- base or floor/refers to
- (area between anus and external genital organs 'scrotum and vulva')
-
PERITON/E-
- that which holds the lower viscera
- peritone/um
- that which holds the lower organs/refers to
- (two layered serous membrane in abdomino/pelvic cavity that hold organs)
- periton/itis
- membrane holding lower viscera or organs and structures/inflammation
-
PERONEO-
- pin or concerning the lower outside leg bone
- perone/al
- pin or concerning the lower outside leg bone/refers to
- perone/us
- pin/refers to
- (one of several muscles of leg that moves the foot)
-
PES
- foot
- tali/pes
- ankle/foot
- (club foot - ankle and foot turn inward)
- related term(s): PED-, POD-, PODO-
-
PETECH/I-
- small
- petech/ial
- small/refers to
- (usually refers to small hemorrhages or spots on skin or brain)
-
PETIT
- little illness
- petit mal
- little illness/bad
- (less severe than grand mal epileptic seizures)
-
PETRO-
- rock, stone, hard
- petro/derma
- rock, stone, hard/skin
- osteo/petr/osis
- bone/stone-like/condition
- related term(s): LAP/I-, LITHO-
-
PHAGO-
- eat, eating, perverse appetite
- phago/cyto/sis
- eat, eating, perverse appetite/cells (WBC's)/refers to
- alternate spelling: -PHAGY
-
PHALANG/O-
- close knit row (fingers and toes)
- a/phalang/ia
- without/close knit row (fingers and toes)/refers to
- related term(s): PHALANX-
-
PHARMAC/O-
- drug relationship, to drug, medicine
- pharmac/o/log/ist
- drug or medicine/study of/specialist
-
PHARYNG/O-
- throat
- pharyng/itis
- pharynx or throat/inflamed (sore throat)
-
PHAS/O-
- speech or speaking
- dys/phas/ia
- difficult or faulty/speech or speaking/refers to
- related term(s): PHAS-
-
-PHASE
- stage
- meta/phase
- change/stage or an appearance
- (stage of mit/o/sis-chromosomes visible changing)
-
-PHERESIS
- withdrawal or to separate
- hemato/pheresis
- blood/to separate
- (separating different types of blood cells: leuco/cytes, erythro/cytes, and thrombo/cytes)
-
-PHILE
- love of, to love, love for
- eosino/phil/ia
- rose red (WBC staining)/love of/refers to
- alternate spelling: -PHILIA
- related term(s): -PHIL
-
PHIM/O-
- to muzzle or muzzling
- phim/osis
- to muzzle or muzzling/condition of
-
PHLEB/O-
- vein
- phleb/itis
- vein/inflamed
-
phleb/o/tom/ist
- vein/cut/specialist (draws blood)
- related term(s): VENO-
-
PHOB/O-
- fear
- hydro/phob/ia
- water/fear (rabies)/refers to
-
PHOC/O-
- seal
- phoco/mel/ia
- seal/limbs/refers to
- (flipper babies caused by thalidomide and other drugs)
-
PHON/O-
- voice or sound
- dys/phon/ia
- faulty or difficult/voice or sound/refers to
-
PHOR/O-
- feeling (mental)
- eu/phor/ia
- good/feeling (mental)/refers to
- (esthesia means a physical feeling)
-
-PHORESIS
- migration, transport, move or carry
- a/phoresis
- no or lack of/migration, transportation, movement
- hemo/phoresis
- blood/carrying, migration, transmitting
- chema/phoresis
- chemical/not moving
- epi/phoresis
- above/to carry or bear
- (the term -PHORESIS is a suffix, the term PHORES/I- is a prefix)
-
PHOT/O-
- light
- photo/graphy
- light/process of recording with device
- photo/phobia
- light/fear of
-
PHRAG/O-
- wall or partition
- dia/phragm
- across or through/wall or partition
- related term(s): PARIET/O-, SEPTA-
-
PHRASO-
- speech or talk
- a/phras/ia
- without/speech, talk, unable to understand phrases/refers to
-
-PHRAXIA
- stoppage or obstruction
- hemo/phrax/ia
- blood/stoppage or obstruction/refers to
-
PHREN/O-
- mind or diaphragm
- phren/ia
- mind (mental disorder)/pertains to
- phren/ic (nerve)
- diaphragm/pertains to
-
-PHYLAXIS
- protection or guard
- pro/phylaxis
- before/protection or guard
- ana/phylaxis
- away from/prevention
-
PHYSI/O-
- function of or nature of
- physi/o/log/y
- function or nature of/science of/process of
-
-PHYSIS
- growth or nature of
- sym/physis
- together/growth or nature of
- alternate spelling: -PHYSIC
-
PHYTO-
- plant
- phyto/toxin
- plant/poison
- (plant poisons effecting human)
- related term(s): -LICHEN
-
PIA-
- gentle
- pia mater
- soft or gentle: mother
- (innermost meninges 'membrane' layer covering the spinal cord)
-
PIL/O-
- hair
- pil/oma
- hair/swelling or tumor-like
- (condition in hair follicle)
- related term(s): -THRIX, TRICH/O-
-
PINN/A-
- feather or feather like
- pinna/form
- feather like/shape
- (the outer ear projection is called the pinna)
-
PITUIT/O-
- phlegm or glue like mucus
- pituit/ary
- phlegm or glue like mucus/refer to
- (mucoid fluid discharges when gland is pinched during dia/section)
-
PITYR/I-
- bran (cereal like scales on skin)
- pityri/asis
- bran (cereal like scales on skin)/refers to
-
PLACENT/A-
- cake
- placent/itis
- cake/inflamed
- (afterbirth or structure attached to uterine wall during pregnancy that provides nutrition to the fetus)
-
-PLAKIA
- plate or plate-like
- leuko/plakia
- white/plate
- (pre-cancerous lesions on a membrane or the skin)
-
PLAN/O-
- flat or a plain
- plan/us
- pes plan/us
- foot: flat or a plain (flat footed)
-
PLANT/O-
- sole of foot
- plant/ar
- sole of the foot/refer to
- (plantar warts 'verruca' are found on the bottom of foot)
-
PLAS-
- growth, development, formation
- hyper/plas/ia
- excessive/growth, development, formation/pertains to
- alternate spelling: PLAS/O-, PLAST
- related term(s): -PLASM
-
-PLEG/IA
- paralysis
- quadri/plegia
- four (limbs)/paralysis
- (often caused by a stroke 'Apoplexy or CVA')
-
para/plegia
- beyond (lower two limbs)/paralyzed
- related term(s): -PARESIS, -PLEXY
-
PLEUR/O-
- side or rib
- pleur/itis
- side or rib/inflamed
- (this is an inflammation of the membrane that covers the lung just inside the ribcage)
- related term(s): COST/O-
-
-PLEXY
- paralysis
- neuro/plexy
- nerve/paralysis
- related term(s): -PARESIS, -PLEGIA
-
-PNEA
- breathe or breathing
- a/pnea
- without or lack of/breathe or breathing
- related term(s): PNEUM/O-, PNEUMON/O-, PNEUMAT/O-, SPIRO-
-
PNEUM/O-
- lung, air, respiration
- pneumo/thorax
- air (within)/chest
- alternate spelling: PNEUMA-
- related term(s): -PNEA, PNEUMON/O-, PNEUMAT/O-
-
-POIE/SIS
- to make, form, produce
- hemato/poie/sis
- blood (large amount)/to make, form, produce/condition or state of
- (usually refers to blood production by bone marrow: erythro/poiesis 'RBC's)
-
POIKIL/O-
- irregular or varied shape
- poikilo/cytic
- irregular or varied shape/cell
-
POLI/O-
- gray
- polio/myel/itis
- gray/spinal cord/inflamed
- (virus attaches anterior gray motor horn rami of the spinal cord)
-
POLLEX-
- thumb
- pollex/ectomy
- thumb/removal
-
POLY-
- many
- poly/dipsia
- many/thirsts (being thirsty)
- related term(s): MULTI-, PLURI-
-
PONS
- bridge
- pons
- bridge
- (surrounds the brain stem in front and connects to the cerebellum: switchboard)
- related term(s): PONT/O-
-
POR/O-
- cavity or passage (porous)
- osteo/por/o/sis
- bone/cavity or passage (porous)/condition of
-
POST-
- after or behind
- post/part/um
- after/birth/refers to
- poster/ior
- after or behind/refers to
-
-POX
- pits
- small pox
- tiny/pits
- (some remain on skin after primary lesions disappear)
-
PRAND/I-
- meal or breakfast
- prandi/al
- meal or breakfast/pertain to
- a/prand/ial
- without/meal/refer to
-
-PRAX/IA
- movement or action
- pharmaco/prax/ia
- drug/movement or action/pertain to
- myo/prax/is
- muscle/action/refers to
- related term(s): KINESIO-
-
PRE-
- before
- pre/natal
- before/birth
- related terms: ANTE-, PRO-
-
PREPUCE
- foreskin or hood
- prepuce
- foreskin or hood
- (skin covering of penis 'tail' and clitoris 'penis-like')
-
PRESBYO-
- old
- presby/op/ia
- old (weak eyes of elderly)/vision/refers to
- (vision defect seen with advancing aging known as
- far sightedness - 'Hyper/opia' - where one can
- see objects clearly far away, but not close up)
-
PRIM/I-
- first
- prim/ary
- first/refers to
- related term(s): PROT/O-
-
PRO-
- before
- pro/gnosis
- before/knowledge
- pro/phylax/is
- before/prevention or guard/refers to
- related term(s): ANTE-, PRE-
-
PROCT/O-
- rectum or anus
- proct/o/log/ist
- rectum or anus/science or study of/specialist
-
PRONE-
- to bend forward
- pronat/ion
- to bend forward/process of
- (to lay face down; to lower; to turn hand palm downward or backward)
- related term(s): PRONAT/O-
-
PROPRI/O-
- property (nerve stimuli or information)
- proprio/ceptor
- property (nerve stimulation or information)/ones own receives
- (these are nerve receivers in the bodies joints)
-
PROSTAT/O-
- one who lies before
- prostat/ectomy
- one who lies before/excision (cut out)
- (prostate gland lies in front of urinary bladder)
-
PROT/O-
- first
- proto/zoon
- first/animals
- (protozoa - the one cell animal)
- related term(s): PRIMI-
-
PROXIM/O-
- close or closest
- proxim/al
- close or closest/refer to
-
PRUR/I-
- itch or itching
- prur/itis
- itch/inflamed
- related term(s): PRURIT/O-
-
PSEUD/O-
- FALSE
- pseudo/membranous
- false/skin like/state of
-
PSOAS
- loin (lumbar)
- psoas
- loin (lumbar)
- (these are muscles above the flank and beside the lumbar region)
-
PSOR/I-
- to itch
- psori/asis
- to itch/condition of
-
PSYCH/O-
- mind
- psych/olog/y
- mind/science of or study of/process of
-
PTERYG/O-
- winged
- pteryg/oid
- winged/resembles
- (membrane growth on medial aspect of eyeball)
-
-PTOSIS
- to drop, fall, displace
- splanchno/ptosis
- viscera or organ/to drop, fall, displace
- nephro/ptosis
- kidney/to drop, fall, displace
-
-PTYSIS
- spitting or spit
- hemo/ptysis
- blood/spitting or spit
-
PUB/O-
- pubis or pubic
- pub/ic
- pubis or pubic/refers to
-
PULMON/O-
- lung
- pulmon/ary
- lung/pertains to
- alternate spelling: PULM/O-
- related term(s): PNEUM/O-
-
PULP/O-
- solid flesh
- pulp/itis
- solid flesh/inflamed
-
PUPILL/O-
- pupil
- pupilo/meter
- pupil/to measure (size of ring shape)
-
PURPUR/O-
- purple
- purpur/ic
- purple/refers to
- (small purple hemorrhages appear on the skin, membranes, organs, tissues)
-
PYEL/O-
- pelvis or kidney
- pyelo/nephr/itis
- pelvis/of kidney /inflammation
-
PYKN/O-
- thick, dense, compact
- pykn/emia
- thick/refers to blood
- (often causing heart attacks and stroke)
- related term(s): PYCN/O-
-
PYL/O-
- gatekeeper
- pyl/or/ic
- gatekeeper/one who/refer to
- (lower sphincter (that which binds together) of stomach)
-
PYO-
- pus
- pyo/gen/ic
- pus/produce/refers to
- related term(s): PY-
-
PYRET/O-
- fever
- pyret/ic
- fever 'febrile', heat, fire/refers to
- pyreto/gen
- fever/producing
- related term(s): PYREX-
-
QUADR/I-
- four
- quadr/ants
- four/refers to
- (4 abdominal divisions around navel '+')
- alternate spelling: QUAD-
-
QUINT/I-
- five
- quintu/plet
- five/offspring or folds
-
RADI/O-
- ray, spoke, X-ray, radio activity
- radia/tion
- ray, spoke, X-ray, radio-activity/process of or state of
- rad/ius
- spoke/refer to
- (lateral bone of forearm - to side with palm up)
-
RADIC/O-
- nerve root or spinal nerve
- radicul/itis
- nerve root/inflammation
- related term(s): RADICUL/O-
-
RAY-
- spoke or wave length
- ray
- spoke or wave length
- (This is one or more lines from a common center:
- energy, X-ray, spectrum, radiant, fluorescence,
- and heat. Types vary: X-ray, alpha, beta, gamma,
- delta, actinic, cathode, hard, heat, infrared,
- luminous, medullary, positive, primary,
- secondary, roentgen, ultraviolet, etc.)
-
RE-
- again
- re/spir/ation
- again/breath/process of
-
RECT/O-
- rectum or straight
- recto/clysis
- rectum or straight/washing out
- rectus abdominal muscles
- straight/belly/muscle
-
REN/O-
- kidney
- ren/al
- kidney/pertaining to
-
RETICUL/O-
- network
- reticul/ation
- network/process of
- (a massive net: composed of the net and
- WBC's in bone marrow and in lymph nodes)
-
RETINA
- net or net like
- Retin/itis
- net or net like/inflamed
- (the appearance of the blood vessels
- on the thin inner eye layer at back of eyeball)
-
RETR/O-
- back of, behind, backward, after
- retro/cervic/al
- behind/neck/refers to
- retro/grade
- back of, backward, behind, after/movement
- retro/col/ic
- back of/big intestine/refers to
-
RHACHI/O-
- jointed vertebrae, spine, spinal column
- rhach/itis
- jointed vertebrae, spine, spinal column/inflamed
- alternate spelling: RACHIO-
- related term(s): RACHI-
-
RHEUMAT/O-
- discharge or flow through
- rheumat/oid arthr/itis
- discharge or flow through/resembles: joint/inflamed
-
RHIN/O-
- nose
- rhino/plasty
- nose/repair or plastic surgery (nose job)
- rhin/itis
- nose/inflamed
- rhin/o/rrhea
- nose/running
-
RHOMB/O-
- parallelogram or diamond shaped
- rhomb/oid muscles (major and minor)
- parallelogram (diamond shaped)/resembles: muscles
- (one of two muscles beneath the large trapezius muscles
- of the neck and back 'cervical and thoracic vertebra'.)
-
RHYTID/O-
- wrinkles
- rhytid/ectomy
- wrinkles/plastic surgery to remove wrinkles
- rhytido/plasty
- wrinkles/plastic surgery or repair
-
RICHETTS/IA
- rickets like symptoms in joints
- rickets like symptoms in joints/refers to
- (Dr. Howard Ricketts was an American
- Pathologist '1871-1910' who identified this
- organism. Remember some terms in the sciences are
- named for people. Rickets is usually caused by
- the deficiency of Vitamin A & D)
-
ROENT/O-
- X-ray
- roent/gen/ic
- x-ray/beginning or caused by/refer to
-
ROTAT/O-
- to turn or swing around
- rotat/or
- to turn or swing around/one who
-
-RRHYTHM
- rhythm or contraction
- a/rrhythm
- lack of or without/rhythm or contraction
-
RUBE/O-
- red
- rube/osis
- red/condition of
- alternate spelling: RUBER/O-
- related term(s): RUBELLO-, RUBEOL-
-
RUG/A-
- folds
- rug/ae
- folds/refers to (seen in vagina; stomach; intestines)
-
SACCHAR/O-
- sugar
- sacchar/ide
- sugar/likeness
-
SACR/O-
- saucer or sacred bone
- sacr/al
- saucer or sacred bone/pertaining to
-
SAGITT/O-
- arrow or arrow like
- mid/sagitt/al
- middle/like and arrow or arrow-like (cut)/refers to
- (visual or surgical cut separating body or parts into right and left segments)
-
SALIV/O-
- spit
- saliv/ation
- spit (making)/process of
- saliva/process of (making or producing)
-
SALPING/O-
- tube, duct, canal
- salping/itis
- tube, duct, canal/inflamed
-
SARC/O-
- fleshy
- sarc/oma
- fleshy/tumor
- (these are tumors of the body's hard
- tissue 'bones, muscle, tendons, ligaments, and
- cartilage' that become soft or flesh-like)
-
SCAB/O-
- to itch
- scab/ies
- to itch/condition of
- (mite infestation of skin)
-
SCAPUL/O-
- shoulder blade
- scapul/ectomy
- shoulder blade/removal (surgical excision)
-
SCHIZ/O-
- split or splitting
- schizo/phren/ia
- split/mind/refers to
- related term(s): SCHIST/O-, SCISS/I-
-
SCLER/O-
- hardening
- athero/scler/osis
- yellow fat or porridge/hardening/condition of
- (this is the leading killer or Cardio-Vascular Disease in the U.S.A.)
- scler/itis
- hard/inflammation
- (sclera is the hard outer white membrane layer of eye)
-
SCOLI/O-
- crooked or twisted
- scoli/osis
- crooked or twisted (spine)/condition of
-
-SCOP/E
- an instrument that examines or views
- micro/scop/e
- small/to view or examine/instrument(process of)
-
-SCOPY
- to examine or view
- lapro/scop/y
- abdomen wall or abdominal/to examine or view/procedure of (process of)
-
SCOT/O-
- darkness
- scot/oma
- darkness (blind spot)/swelling or tumor (causing)
- (portion of retina of the eye: blind spot)
-
SCROT/O-
- sac or pouch
- scrot/al
- sac or pouch/refers to
- related term(s): VESIC/O-
-
SCURVY
- to scratch
- scurvy
- to scratch
- (vitamin C deficiency)
-
SEB/O-
- oil
- seb/aceous gland
- oil/pertains to
- (sebaceous gland of hair follicle: sebum means oil like -oleum)
-
SECRETO-
- separating or to separate
- secreat/or
- separating or to separate/one who
-
SECT/O-
- to cut
- sect/ion
- to cut (several times) or to cut apart/procedure of
- (to section an organ)
- related term(s): -CIS, -TOM
-
SEMI-
- half
- semi/conscious
- half/aware
- related term(s): DEMI-, HEMI-
-
SEMIN/O-
- seed or seed producer
- semin/al
- seed or seed producer/refers to
- semen
- seed (male sperm 'with fluid')
- related term(s): GONO-, SEMEN/O-
-
SENIL/E-
- old
- senil/ity
- old/state of
- (mental and/or physical weakness)
- (Presbyt/iatrics and Ger/iatrics treat diseases of old age)
-
SEPT/A-
- partition or wall
- sept/um
- partition or wall/refers to
- (wall dividing a space: nose and heart)
- related term(s): PARIET/O-, PHARG/O-
-
SEPT/I-
- seventh
- septi/para
- seventh/child births or born infants
-
SEPT/O-
- poison, infection, decay, putrefy
- sept/ic
- poison/refer to
- related term(s): SEPS/O-, TOX/O-
-
SIAL/O-
- saliva or spit
- sial/aden/itis
- saliva or spit/gland/inflammation
- hypo/sialo/gogic
- low/saliva/production
- related term(s): -PTYSIS, SALVI/O-
-
SIDER/O-
- iron
- sidero/cyte
- iron/cell
- (specialized RBC's that contain iron in a form other than hematin)
- related term(s): FERR/O-, HEME-
-
SILIC/O-
- silicon carbon particles
- silico/sis
- silicon carbon particles/refers to
- (also known as: arc welders disease - inhaling iron particles)
-
SIN/O-
- cavity
- sin/us
- cavity/refers to
- (air-filled or open space in bone)
- related term(s): ALVEOL/I-
-
SINISTR/O-
- to the left or left
- sinistro/card/ia
- to the left or left/heart/refers to
-
SKELET/O-
- dried up or to attach
- skelet/al
- dried up or to attach/refers to
-
SOLE-
- the sole of the foot
- sole/us
- sole of foot/refers to
- (muscle running from the back of the lower leg to the sole of the foot)
-
-SOL
- in solution or solution
- aero/sol
- air/solution
-
SOM/O-
- body
- psycho/somat/ic
- mind/body/refer to
- (the term SOM/O is a prefix, the term -SOME is a suffix)
- related term(s): SOMAT/O-
-
SOMN/O-
- sleep
- somni/pathy
- sleep/disease
- (sleep disorder)
- related term(s): HYPN/O-
-
SON/O-
- sound
- sono/gram
- sound/recording or writing (diagnosis)
- related term(s): ECHO-
-
SPAD/I-
- to tear
- epi/spad/ism
- upon/to tear/state of
- (usually abnormal opening on the upper side of the male penis or shaft)
- related term(s): AVULS/I-,
- tip: DACRY/O- and LACRIM/O- means �to tear� as in tearing or crying
-
-SPASM
- involuntary contraction
- myo/spasm
- muscle/sudden involuntary muscle contraction
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