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What is the origin of the semitendinosus muscle?
Ischial tuberosity
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What is the insertion of the semitendinosus muscle?
medial surface of upper tibia
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What is the action of the semitendinosus muscle?
extends thigh; flexes/rotates leg medially
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What innervates the semitendinosus muscle?
tibial protion of sciatic nerve- L5, S1, S2
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What posterior thigh muslces originate at the ischial tuberosity?
semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of biceps fermoris
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What is the origin of the semimembranosus muscle?
ischial tuberosity
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What is the insertion of the semimembranosus muscle?
medial condyle of tibia
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What is the action of the semimembranosus muscle?
extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially
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What is the innervation of the semimembranosus muscle?
tibial portion of sciatic nerve- L5, S1, S2
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What is the origin of the biceps femoris muscle?
- long head: ishial tuberosity
- short head: linea aspera and upper supracondylar line
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What is the insertion of the biceps femoris muscle?
head of fibula
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What is the action of the biceps femoris muscle?
extends thigh; flexes and rotates leg medially
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What is the innervation of the biceps femoris muscle?
- long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve
- short head: common peroneal division of sciatic nerve
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What spinal nerves innervate the muscles of the posterior thigh?
L5, S1, S2
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What supplies blood to the posterior thigh muscles?
profunda fermois and posterior branches of obturator arteries
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Where does a torn hamstring usually occur?
proximal attachment
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What is the most commonly torn hamstring?
semimembranosus muscle
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What is the femoral artery a continuation of? Where does it change names?
external iliac artery; once it passes deep to inguinal ligament
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What are the branches of the femoral artery?
superificial circumflex iliac, superficial epigastric, superficial and deep external pudendal, profunda femoris, and descending genicular arteries
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What is the chief artery of the thigh?
profunda femoris artery
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What are the branches of the profunda fermoris artery?
medial femoral cirumflex, lateral femoral circumflex, and perforating arteries
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What causes intermittent claudication?
- obstruction of femoral, popliteal, or posterior tibial arteries
- blockage is most common in adductor hiatus
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What are signs of intermittent claudication?
pain in calf and foot when walking, may show decreased pulse below blockage, pain disappears at rest
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What are the tributaries of the femoral vein?
great saphenous vein, corresponding veins to branches of femoral artery
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What vein is typically used for coronary artery bypass grafting?
great saphenous vein (because it has lots of tributaries)
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What is the origin of the pectineus muscle?
superior ramus of pubis
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What is the insertion of the pectineus muscle?
pectineal line of femur; inferior to lesser trochanter
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What is the action of the pectineus muscle?
ADD and flexion of thigh; assists with MR/IR
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What is the innervation of the pectineus muscle?
fermoral nerve (L2, L3); may receive a branch from obturator nerve
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What is the blood supply of the pectineus muscle?
anteroir branch of obturator artery
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What is the origin of the posas major muscle?
sides of T12-L5 and IVD; TP's of all lumbars
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What is the insertion of the posas major muscle?
lesser trochanter
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What is the action of the posas major muscle?
flexion of thigh or trunk; stabilize hip joint
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What is the innervation of the posas major muscle?
ventral rami of L1, L2
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What is the blood supply of the posas major muscle?
fermoral and medial femoral circumflex artery
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What is the origin of the iliacus muscle?
iliac crest and fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac lgt.
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What is the insertion of the iliacus muscle?
tendon of psoas major; lesser trochanter and femur distal to it
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What is the action of the iliacus muscle?
flexion of thigh or trunk; stabilize hip joint
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What is the innervation of the iliacus muscle?
femoral nerve- L2, L3
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What is the blood supply of the iliacus muscle?
femoral and medial femoral circumflex arteries
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What is the origin of the sartorius muscle?
ASIS and superior part of notch inferior to it
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What is the insertion of the sartorius muscle?
superior part medial tibia (pes anserinus)
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What is the action of the sartorius muscle?
flexion, ABD, LR/ER of thigh; flexion leg; MR/IR leg when knee is fixed
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What is the innervation of the sartorius muscle?
femoral nerve - L2, L3
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What nerve innervates the anterior thigh muscles? (except psoas major)
femoral nerve
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What is the origin of the rectus femoris?
AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
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What is the insertion of the quadriceps femoris?
tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
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What is the action of the quadriceps femoris?
extension of leg: flexion of thigh; steadies hip joint
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What is the innervation of the quadriceps femoris?
femoral nerve- L2, L3, L4
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What is the blood supply of the quadriceps femoris?
femoral artery
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What is the origin of the vastus lateralis muscle?
greater trochanter and lateral lip linea aspera
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What is the insertion of the vastus lateralis muscle?
tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
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What is the action of the vastus lateralis muscle?
extension of leg
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What is the innervation of the vastus lateralis muscle?
femoral nerve- L2, L3, L4
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What is the blood supply of the vastus lateralis muscle?
femoral and profunda femoris arteries
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What is the origin of the vastus intermedius muscle?
anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
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What is the insertion of the vastus intermedius muscle?
tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
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What is the action of the vastus intermedius muscle?
extension of leg
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What is the innervation of the vastus intermedius muscle?
femorla nerve- L2, L3, L4
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What is the blood supply of the vastus intermedius muscle?
femoral and profunda femoris arteries
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What is the origin of the vastus medialis muscle?
intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
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What is the insertion of the vastus medialis muscle?
tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
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What muscles make up the quadiceps femoris?
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vasus medialis
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What is the origin of the adductor longus muscle?
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
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What is the insertion of the adductor longus muscle?
middle 1/3 of linea aspera
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What is the action of the adductor longus muscle?
ADD thigh
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What is the innervation of the adductor longus muscle?
anterior division, obturator nerve- L2, L3, L4
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What is the blood supply of the adductor longus muscle?
anterior banch obturator artery
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What is the origin of the adductor brevis muscle?
body and inferior ramus of pubis
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What is the insertion of the adductor brevis muscle?
pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera
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What is the action of the adductor brevis muscle?
ADD and limited flexion of thigh
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What is the innervation of the adductor brevis muscle?
anterior division obturator nerve- L2, L3, L4
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What is the blood supply of the adductor brevis muscle?
anterior branch, obturator artery
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What artery supplies most of the medial thigh?
anterior branch obturator artery
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What is the origin of the adductor magnus muscle?
- adductor part- inferiori ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
- hamstring part- ischial tuberosity
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What is the insertion of the adductor magnus muscle?
- adductor part- gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
- hamstring part- adductor tubercle
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What is the action of the adductor magnus muscle?
- ADD thigh
- adductor part- flexes thigh
- hamstring part- extends thigh
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What is the innervation of the adductor magnus muscle?
- adductor part- posterior division, obturator nerve- L2, L3, L4
- hamstring part- tibial division of sciatic nerve- L4
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What is the blood supply of the adductor magnus muscle?
anterior branch obturator and perforating arteries
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What is the origin of the gracilis muscle?
body and inferior ramus of pubis
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What is the insertion of the gracilis muscle?
superior part of medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)
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What is the action of the gracilis muscle?
ADD thigh, flexes leg; MR/IR of leg
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What is the innervation of the gracilis muscle?
anterior division, obturator nerve- L2, L3
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What is the blood supply of the gracilis muscle?
anterior branch obturator artery
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What is the origin of the obturator externus muscle?
margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
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What is the insertion of the obturator externus muscle?
trochanteric fossa of femur
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What is the action of the obturator externus muscle?
LR/ER of thigh; steadies femoral head
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What is the innervation of the obturator externus muscle?
posterior division, obturator nerve- L3, L4
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What is the blood supply of the obturator externus muscle?
anterior branch obturator artery
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What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?
- base- inguinal lgt
- medial- lateral border of adductor lognus
- lateral- sartorius
- floor- pectineus, iliopsoas muscles
- roof- fascia lata, cribiform fascia, subcutaneous tissue and skin
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What is in the femoral triangle?
femoral nerve, femoral sheath containing femoral artery, vein, and deep inguinal lymph nodes and vessels, lacuna musculorum, femoral canal
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