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npn 105

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  1. what are early signs of hypoxia or respiratory insufficiency?
    • -sits up to breathe
    • -complains "I can't catch my breath"
    • -Memory lapse
    • -Mental dullness
    • -Restlessness
  2. what are intial signs of hypoxia or respiratory insufficiency?
    • -blood pressure up
    • -pulse up
    • -respirations up
  3. what are later signs of hypoxia or respiratory insufficiency?
    • -blood pressure down
    • -pulse down
    • -dysrhythmia
    • -use of accessory muscle
    • -stridor
  4. what is the latest signs of hypoxia or respiratory insufficiency?
    • -cyanosis
    • -muscle retraction
  5. what is the flow of 1L of oxygen?
    24% Oxygen
  6. what is the flow of 2L of oxygen?
    28% Oxygen
  7. what is the flow of 3L of oxygen?
    32% Oxygen
  8. what is the flow of 4L of oxygen?
    36% Oxygen
  9. what is the flow of 5L of oxygen?
    40% Oxygen
  10. what is the flow of 6L of oxygen?
    44% Oxygen
  11. what is nasal cannula oxygen delivery?
    low concentrations dependent on rate and depth of breathing
  12. what are some advantages of a nasal cannula?
    pt can move, talk, and eat without disrupting delivery of oxygen.
  13. what is the simple mask oxygen delivery?
    • -low to medium concentration
    • - 40%-60%
    • -must be use liter flow greater that 5L/min
  14. what are some advantages of using the simple mask?
    higher delivery of oxygen than with a cannula
  15. what is the oxygen delivery of the partial rebreathing mask?
    • -higher concentration
    • - 60%-80%
    • -must keep reservoir bag inflated at all times
  16. what is some advantages of the partial rebreathing mask?
    rebreathes 1/3 of exhaled breath that is high in oxygen.
  17. what is the non-rebreathing mask oxygen delivery?
    • -Highest concentration
    • - 80%-95%
    • - must keep reservior bag inflated
  18. what is some advantages of the non-rebreathing
    can deliver 80-90% of oxygen in emergency situation
  19. what is the venturi mask oxygen delivery?
    • -delivers consistent fio2; regardless of breathing pattern
    • - 24%-50% masks available
  20. what is the advantages of the venturi mask?
    • -deliver consistent Fio2 regradless of breathing pattern
    • -it is useful when accuracy of delivery is essential
  21. when doing a focused assessment you must assess the respiration?
    • -depth
    • -rate
    • -character
    • (Rationale: although rate may be within normal limits; the patient may be breathing very shallowly and consequently not oxygenating well.)
  22. what symptoms indicate the patient should be assessed for possible hypoxia?
    • -restlessness and irritability
    • -confusion
    • -combativeness
    • -decreased ability to concentrate
    • -lethargy (abnormal drowsiness)
    • -headache
    • -trachypnea
    • -stridor
    • -retraction
    • -cardiac arrhythmia
    • -cyanosis
    • (rational: these can all indicate that the patient is not obtaining enough oxygen)
  23. how can you reverse slight hypoxia?
    you can reverse slight hypoxia by turning, coughing, and deep breathing
  24. where is the best place to check for cyanosis in dark skinned people?
    inside the mouth
  25. Deep rattling cough indicates ___________.
    retained secretions
  26. shallow raspy cough may indicate ____________.
    throat irritation
  27. sputum produce in the morning may indicate _________ rather than _________
    sinus drainage, a problem in the lungs
  28. what are factors that cause restriction of respiratory effort?
    • -fractured ribs
    • -server arthritis
    • -many disease cause restrictive respiratory disorder
  29. what is respiratory insufficiency?
    is the inability of the body to meet its oxygen needs and remove excess amounts of carbon dioxide
  30. what is the most common cause of respiratory insufficiency?
    Airway obstruction
  31. what is one of the first signs of hypoxia?
    irritability or restlessness
  32. what affects do hypoxia have on the body system?
    hypoxia depresses body functions and disturbs the acid-base balance of the body.
  33. tenacious
    adhesive, sticky
  34. atelectasis
    collasped area of the lung
  35. cannula
    tube for insertion into a cavity or vessel
  36. dyspnea
    difficulty breathing
  37. cyanosis
    bluish color around the lips and of mucous membrane from lack of oxygen
  38. expectorate
    cough up and spit out secretions
  39. nebulizer
    device that dispenses liquid in a fine spray
  40. hypercapnia
    above-normal level of carbon dioxide in the blood
  41. hypoxemia
    low level of oxygen in the blood
  42. hypoxia
    the condition of insufficent oxygen in the blood
  43. obturator
    curved guide for the tracheostomy tube
  44. retraction
    muscles move inward upon inspiration
  45. stridor
    shrill, harsh sound made when breathing is obstructed
  46. tachypnea
    rapid breathing
  47. anoxia
    condition of being without oxygen
  48. humidifer
    device supplying moisture to air or oxygen
  49. apena
    absence of breathing
  50. ventilation
    the exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere
  51. respiration
    the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atomosphere and the body cells
  52. what structure controls respiration
    CNS (central nervous system)
  53. what structure helps move mucus and debris from the lungs?
    Cilia
  54. what structure phagocytize inhaled bacteria and foreign objects?
    Alveolar macrophages
  55. what structure sense changes in oxygen or carbon dioxide and signal the brain stem?
    chemoreceptors
  56. what structure secrete mucus to assist cilia to cleanse respiratory tract of foreign particles?
    mucous membranes
  57. what structure allows diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide from alveoli into the blood stream?
    alveolar membranes
  58. what structure transport air with oxygen to the lungs?
    trachea
  59. what structure warm and humidify air on its way to the lungs?
    upper airway passage
  60. what is some advantages of the tracheostomy collar?
    adds humditiy to oxygen flow for a tracheostomy
  61. what is some advantages of the t-bar?
    adds humditiy to oxygen flow for a tracheostomy
  62. list four saftey precautions to be observed when performing endotracheal suctioning?
    • -preoxygenate the patient
    • -maintain sterility of the suction catheter and supplies
    • -be certain suction is turned on before inserting the catheter
    • -do not suction for more then 10 seconds at a time
  63. list four reasons an artificial airway may be used
    • -to relieve an airway obstruction
    • -to protect the airway
    • -to facilitate suctioning
    • -to provide artifical ventilation
  64. what are the steps when assessing respiratory status?
    • -asculate lungs
    • -take vital signs
    • -check skin and mucous membranes color
    • -assess shortness of breath with activity
    • -check mentation
  65. which suctioning should be performed aseptically?
    nasopharyngeal suctioning
  66. which suctioning should be performed sterile?
    tracheobroncial suctioning
  67. oxygen may be administered by???
    • -mask
    • -cannula
    • -tent
    • -catheter
    • -croupette
    • -ventiliation
  68. when a tracheostomy tube has an inflatable cuff it must be deflated at least every ______.
    8 hours
  69. what are some nursing diagnosis relevant to the respiratory patient?
    • -ineffective airway clearance
    • -impaired gas exchange
    • -risk for infection
    • -deficient knowledge
    • -risk for injury
  70. a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) should not given more than how much oxygen? and why?
    3L/min because it may depress the respiratory drive
  71. evaluation is based on?
    • -assessment findings
    • -pulse oximeter
    • -arterial blood gases
  72. who works closley together when taking care of a respiratory patient?
    • -nurse
    • -physician
    • -respirator therapist
Author
whylove0001
ID
140370
Card Set
npn 105
Description
meeting basic physiologic needs ch.28
Updated
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