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Oxygen consumption is lowest in the neonate at which of the following skin temperature ranges (˚C)?
36.5-37.0 (p. 194)
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1. Which of the following are involved in non-shivering thermogenesis?
a. Guanosine
b. Norepinephrine
c. Acidase
d. Lipase
e. Nonesterified fatty acids
b, d, and E
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Premature newborns have a decreased ability to maintain body heat. Which of the following are reasons for that decreased ability?
a. Large body surface area
b. Increased amount of subcutaneous fat
c. Thin skin layer
d. Preemies have a lower thermoneutral environmental temperature
e. Reduced ability to intake calories
A, C,and E
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A small preemie is placed on a warming mattress inside an incubator lined with aluminum foul. The environmental temperature is maintained at 33˚C. Flow to the resuscitation bag is turned on inside the incubator with the flow of gas passing over the infant’s head. This baby is at risk of losing heat through which of the following methods?
Convective
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The initial response of a neonate to cold stress is:
Peripheral vasoconstriction (p. 192)
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Radiant heat loss following delivery can be minimized by which of the following?
a. Complete drying of the neonate
b. Wrapping patient in a warm blanket
c. Placing a cap on the patient’s head
d. Placing the patient on a warming mattress
B and C
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What is an advantage to using an open warmer?
Ease of patient access (p. 196)
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A baby who is being overstimulated may show which of the following signs?
Hiccoughs (p. 198)
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An important part of environmental control is:
Quiet times (p. 199)
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Which of the following are skin care recommendations for premature neonates?
a. Use spray-on skin barriers to protect the skin
b. Use solvent-based adhesive removers to remove tape
c. Use pectin-based adhesive removers to remove tape
d. Use Coban wraps to hold TCMs on the skin
e. Cover the skin with benzoin before applying tape
C and D
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Which of the following may cause abnormalities of fluid and electrolyte balance in neonates?
a. Maternal IV therapy
b. Asphyxia
c. Cold stress
d. Sepsis
e. Endocrine disorders
A, B, C, and D
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The percentage of ICF that comprises TBW passes and exceeds the percentage of ECF at what approximate age?
3 months (p.202
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Excessive intake of sodium in the postnatal period would lead to:
Delayed contraction of the ECF (p. 204)
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Sodium and water balance are primarily affected by:
Urine losses (p. 205)
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Which of the following would indicate a fluid deficit in a neonate?
a. Decreased skin turgor
b. Increased skin turgor
c. Sunken anterior fontanelle
d. Decreased tear production
e. Increase in suture overlap
A, C, and E
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Which of the following would most greatly increase insensible water loss?
The presence of RDS (p. 206)
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A patient with a diminished clotting mechanism would possibly have an imbalance in which electrolyte?
Calcium (p. 208)
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A neonate appears clinically with jitters, irritability, apnea, and seizures. The probable cause is:
Hypocalcemia (p. 209)
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A term neonate has an indirect bilirubin level of 5 mg/dl. The following day, the level has risen to 9 mg/dl. You would:
Start phototherapy
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The initial sign of NEC is:
Guaiac-positive stools (p. 215)
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