Antimicrobials3

  1. Inhibitors of protein synth at the 30S subunit?
    Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Spectinomycin
  2. Inhibitors of protein synth at the 50S subunit?
    Chloramphenicol, Macrolides (erythromycin), Lincosamides (lincomycin, clindamycin)
  3. Chloramphenical mech, spec, use?
    50S - inhibits peptidyltransferase rxn; Broad; H.influenzae meningitis, anaerobic infx, Typhoid fever
  4. Chloramphenical toxicity?
    Marrow hypoplasia; progressive marrow aplasia w/aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis; Gray syndrome in neonates w/abdominal, circ and resp dysfx
  5. Macrolides - Erythromycin: mech, spec, use?
    50S - blocks translocation by holding charged tRNA at donor P site; G+; Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, diphtheria, pertussis, Group A strept or pneum for pen-allergics
  6. Lincosamides (Lincomycin, Clindamycin): mech & use?
    50S - inhibits peptide bond formation; Bacteroides fragilis or other anaerobes in pen-allergic pts
  7. Lincosamides (Lincomycin, Clindamycin): toxicity?
    Pseudomembranous colitis due to inhibition of most anaerobic flora of bowel & overgrowth of clindamycin-resistant Clostridium difficile
  8. Antimetabolites (Metabolite inhibitors, Metabolite analogues)?
    Sulfonamides, p-Aminosalicyclic acid, Sulfones (Dapsone), Trimethoprim, Isoniazie
  9. Sulfonamides: mech, spec?
    Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase in THF acid pathway; G+ and G-
  10. Sulfonamides: use, toxicity?
    UTI, *rheumatic fever; renal blockage, hypersensitivity, GI problems
  11. Trimethoprim: classification and frequent use?
    Anti-folic acid agent (synthetic structural analog of pteridine portion of folic acid) freq used synergistically w/sulfonamides
  12. Trimethoprim: mech, spec, use, tox?
    Comp inhibitor of DHF reductase; G+, G-, P.carinii; UTI, P.Carinii ifx; Hypersensitivity, folate deficiency
  13. Isoniazide (INH: isonicotinic acid hydrazide): mech, use, tox?
    Inhibit mycolic acid synth; mycobacterium tuberculosis (in combo w/rifampin and pyrazinamide); B6 def (peripheral neuritis and seizures), hepatic toxicity
  14. Sulfones (Dapsone): mech, use, tox?
    Like sulfonamides (inhibit DHF-red); Leprosy; highly toxic, polyneuritis, psychosis
  15. p-Aminosalicyclic Acid (PAS): mech, use, tox?
    Like sulfonamides (inhibit DHF-red); TB (multi-drug-res't); nausea, vomiting, hypersensitivity
Author
Anonymous
ID
140103
Card Set
Antimicrobials3
Description
anitmicrobials
Updated