Neonates Chapter 15

CPAP increases FRC by:

Of the following, which is the most common device used to apply CPAP to the neonate?

Which of teh following would indicate a failure of CPAP?
1. PaO2 less than 50 mm Hg with an FiO2 of 0.80 to 1.0 and CPAP of 10 to 12 cm H2O
2. PaCO2 greater than 55 mm Hg
3. Marked retractions
4. Frequent apnea spells
5. Reduced FiO2 needs

Determination of adequate levels of PIP is initially determined by:

Changing which of the following ventilator parameters would not alter minute ventilation?

Which of the following parameters has the greatest influence on mean airway pressure?

The respiratory care practitioner receives blood gas results on a ventilated infant. The PaCO2 is 48 mm Hg and previously it was 43 mm Hg. A proper ventilator change would be:

The main advantage in using volume-cycled ventilation with neonates is:

A 6-year-old female patient weighing 40 pounds is being ventilated at a tidal volume of 280 ml and a rate of 20 breaths/min. The PIP is 38 cm H2O with a PEEP of 4 cm H2O. The compliance of the circuit tubing is measured at 2.5 ml/cm H2O. Which of the following accurately describes this patient's corrected tidal volume?

Which mode of ventilation should not be used on a spontaneously breathing patient?

What is not considered a hazard of mechanical ventilation?

The first parameter weaned from a mechanically ventilated infant should be:

Whichof the following are clinical signs of a failure to wean?
1. Increased chest excursion
2. Bradycardia
3. Retractions
4. Tachycardia
5. Pallor

Which of the following are predictive of a low risk of the need for reintubation in the pediatric patient?
1. Spntaneous tidal volume of 3.2 ml/kg
2. FiO2 of 0.45
3. Mean airway pressure of 4.0 cm H2O
4. PIP of 20 cm H2O
5. Vt/Ti of 16 ml/kg/sec

What arterial blood gas change is most likely to be observed when the mean airway pressure is increased?

What mode of ventilation should be instituted if the physician requests an increase in the spontaneous tidal volume during SIMV?

The respiratory therapist observes a PaO2 of 52 mm Hg on an infant despite nasal CPAP of 8 cm H2O and 60% oxygen. What is the therapist's most appropriate action?

What is the most accurate classification of neonatal mechanical ventilation?

How is hypercapnic respiratory failure identified?

How is tidal volume increased during pressure-controlled ventilation?