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Chapter 22, Reproductive System

  1. Main male gonad? Female?
    • Testes
    • Ovaries
  2. Testes are suspended by
    spermatic cord
  3. Original location of testes? When do they descend?
    • Retroperitoneal
    • 1-2 months
  4. Male sex hormone that stimulates testes descent
    testosterone
  5. Fibromuscular cord in fetus that guides descent of testes through inguinal canal to scrotal swelling
    gubernaculum
  6. Suspend testes in scrotum
    spermatic cords
  7. Failure of testes to descend
    cryptorchidism
  8. Why do undescended testes fail to produce sperm?
    high abdominal temp.
  9. Testes that have not descended by puberty will result in
    sterility
  10. Capsule that covers each testis
    Tunica Albuginea
  11. At the posterior border of testis where CT thickens into organ forming mass
    mediastinum testis
  12. Extensions of mediastinum that seperate testis into lobules
    septa
  13. Site of sperm production
    seminiferous tubules
  14. Cells that give rise to sperm cells
    spermatogenic cells
  15. Where are spermatogenic cells located?
    seminiforous tubules
  16. Complex network of channels in mediastinum testis formed by union of seminiforous tubules?
    Rete testis
  17. Produce testosterone, located in spaces between seminiforous tubules
    interstitial cells
  18. 2 cells types in seminiforous tubule epithelium?
    • Sertoli cells(sustentacular cells)
    • spermatogenic cells
  19. Which cells support, nourish, and regulate spermatogenic cells?
    Sertoli cells(sustentacular cells)
  20. Which cells secrete Inhibin?
    Sertoli cells(sustentacular cells)
  21. Protein hormone that regulates secreation of FSH?
    Inhibin
  22. Where is FSH secreted from?
    anterior pituitary gland
  23. What do spermatogenic cells give rise to?
    spermatogonia
  24. Type of stem cell, nucleus has 46 chromosomes & 2 sister chromatids per chromosome
    spermatogonia
  25. What is spermatogenisis?
    Series of events that lead to sperm production
  26. How long does spermatogenisis take?
    9 weeeks from spermatogonial to spermiation
  27. Spermatogenisis begins at puberty due to an increase of
    testosterone
  28. What happens during spermatogenisis?
    • Mitosis
    • 2 daughter spermatigonia
    • 1 stays at basement membrane
    • 1 moves to lumen of seminiforous tubule and becomes primary spermatocyte
  29. What is the genetic makeup of spermatogonia?
    • 46 chromosomes
    • 2 sister chromatids per chromosome
  30. What is the genetic makeup of primary spermatocyte?
    • 46 chromosomes
    • 2 sister chromatids per chromosome
    • (same as spermatogonia)
  31. When does spermatogenisis arrest?
    After primary spermatocyte is formed
  32. What happens during meiosis I?
    • chromosomes divide in half, chromatids remain the same
    • 2 secondary spermatocytes form
  33. What is a haploid cell?
    • 23 chromosomes
    • 2 sister chromatids per chromosome
  34. What is the genetic makeup of the secondary spermatocyte?
    • 23 chromosomes
    • 2 sister chromatids per chromosome
    • haploid cell
  35. What happens during meiosis II?
    • chromatids divide
    • 4 spermatids are formed
  36. Spermatids mature into ______ and are located in the _____ of the seminiforous tubules
    • sperm cells
    • lumen
  37. What part of the sperm contains a nucleus with 23 chromosomes?
    head
  38. What part of the sperm contains enzymes that allow for egg penetration?
    acrosome
  39. What part of the sperm contains mitochandria for energy to carry on aerobic respiration and movement?
    body
  40. What part of the sperm propels it?
    flagellum
  41. stores, nourishes, and promotes sperm cell maturation?
    epididymids
  42. Sperm taken from the ______ is nonmotile
    seminiforous tubules
  43. How long will it take for sperm to mature and become viable in the epididymis?
    18 hours
Author
tville01
ID
139996
Card Set
Chapter 22, Reproductive System
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Chapter 22, Reproductive System
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