The Heart

Blood vessels that cary blood to and from the lungs

vessels that transport blood to and from all body tissues

Receives O2 poor blood from body and pumps it to the lungs to pick up O2 and expel CO2

Receives the O2 blood from lungs and pumps to body

Posterior broad surface of the heart

The Heart is located in the ____________ Mediastinum

The purpose of the circulatory system is to ______________.

Deoxygenated blood enters the _________ side. Oxygenated blood is pumped out the ________ side.

The hearts position in thorax

The apex is directed _____ and ______ in the thorax.

Anterior border

left or lateral border

Superior Border

The pulmonary truck and the aorta exit the heart

The pulmonary truck is __________ to the ascending aorta.

The _____________ _________ passes from the left pulmonary artery to the root of the aorta.

The superior vena cava enters the heart from the ____________.

The inferior border

The inferior vena cava approches the heart from the ________________.

Anterior and posterior Interventricular Sulci

Coronary Sulcus

Inner Layer of the Pericardium

Middle layer of the pericardium

Outside layer of the parietal pericardium

There is no potential space between the ____ and ____ layers of the pericardium.

The Pericardial Space (cavity) is a serious fluid filled space between __________.

How does the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space between the visceral and parietal pericardium affect the heart?

An accumulation of blood from injured pericardial capillary

Lack of serous fluid causeing pain when visceral and parietal layers adhere

The inner most layer of the heart comprised of an endothelial lining

The thick middle layer of cardiac muscle

The outer layer of visceral pericardium

The __________ serve as filling chambers

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the ___________ and ______________.

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the ________________.

The _______________ are the pumping chambers.

The right ventricle pumps blood through the ____________ to the __________.

The left ventericle pumps blood through the ________ to the body.

The myocardium of the ___________ ventricle is much thicker than the other.

The right and left ventricles are separated by ____________________________.

The interventricular septum is muscluar _______, and membranous ____________.

The posterior wall of the right atrium

The posterior wall of the right atrium receives the ______, ____________, and __________.

The posterior wall of the Rt. Atrium also contains:

The Anterior wall of the Rt atrium is made up of ______________, which is separated from the smooth post. wall by _____________.

The anterior and posterior walls of the Rt. Atrium are joined by _____________ ________ ___________.

Supports the structure of walls in ventricle ("beams of meat")

A smooth walled, cone shaped outflow in the Right ventricle leading to the Pulmonary trunk. AKA infundibulum

Responsible for anchoring leaflets of valve

Conical projections of myocardium that project via chordae tendinae to the tricupsid valve (rt ventricle) or bicuspid valve (left ventricle).

A muscular bundle in the right ventricle that runs from the interventricular septum to the ant. pap muscle. Contains elements for transmission of electrical impulse. Prevents over dilation of ventricle

The left atrium is a _____________ chamber that receives ____________________, and is joined by __________________.

The strongest pumping ventricle with the thickest myocardium

Types of atrioventricular valves:

The valve separating the right atrium and right ventricle

The valve separating the left atrium and left ventricle

The two types of Semilunar valves:

The valve that lies between the ascending aorta and the left ventricle

The valve that lies between the Pulmonary trunk and the right ventricle

Two rare examples of arteries having valves are:

Because the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the mother...

Structures the fetal heart has to keep most of the blood from going to its lungs:

A hole to enable blood to move directly from right to left atrium.

The foramen ovale closes shortly after birth to become the

A duct from the left pulmonary artery to the descending aorta to re-channel blood (oxygenated) from going into the lungs, to going into the aorta

When an infant is said to be born with a "hole in the heart" it means....

ASD or "atrial septal defect"

The arterial supply of oxygen to the muscles of the heart

The _____ coronary artery branches into: Anterior Interventricular Artery, Circumflex Artery and lelft Marginal Arteries

The ___________ Coronary artery branches into to Right Marginal Artery and the Posterior Interventricular Artery.

Venous drainage of deoxy blood from the muscles of the heart

The Great Cardiac Vein becomes the ___________, which empties into the ______ ___________.

The Middle and small vardiac veins empty into the __________ ______.

Only the __________ cardiac and ____________ cardiac veins DO NOT empty into the coronary sinus.

The Great Cardiac Vein runs along side the ___________ _______________ ________.

The Middle Cardiac Vein runs along side the ________________ __________ ____________.

The small cardiac vein comes from the same area as the _________ _____________.

The cardiac skeleton is made up of

Functions of the Carciac Skeleton:

Function of Sinoatrial node

___________ __________ prevents the spread of impulses to ventricles.

Fuction, location of Atrioventricular Node

Extensions of the AV bundle into the papillary muscles and myocardium

During the ________ __________, the two artia contract together follwed by the subsequent contraction of the two ventricles

Ventricular contraction (atria are relaxing)

Ventricular relaxation (atria are contracting)

The contraction of the ventricles causes the atrioventricular valve to slam shut

The semilunar valves slam shut to prevent the backflow (regurgitation) of blood from great arteries back into the ventricles.

Autonomic innervation of the heart passes mainly through the _________ __________

Sympathetic innervation from __________ and ______________

Parasympathetic innervation from the _______.

During a sympathetic response, baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in carotid artery and arch of aorta detect ___________ and/or ____________.

During a sympathetic response: cardio-___________ centers in meduulla oblongate sends signals via cardiac nerves to ___________________ in the heart. The nodes create impulses that are ____________ to increase heart rate.

During a sympathetic response ________________ centers in medulla oblongata sends signals via ____________ nerves to arteriese and veins. Vessel diameter constricts, then blood pressure ______________.

During a parasympathetic response, baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in carotid artery and arch of aorta detect ______________ and/or _________________.

During a parasympathetic response, Cardio-___________ centers in medulla oblongata sends signals via vagus nerves to ___________ in the heart. The nodes create impulses that are ___________________ to decrease heart rate.

During a parasympathetic response, ____________ centers in medulla oblongata sends signals via ___________ nerves to arteries and veins. Vessel diameter increases and bp ___________.

Sympathetic innervation from cervical and thoracic sympathetic chaing ganglia via _______________:
-Pass throug the _____________ to nodal tissue
-Stimulation ___________ heart rate and force of contractions
-__________ bp in arteries

Parasympathetic innervation from ______________:

-pass through cardiac plexus to __________ and ______________________________
-_________ heartrate and _____________ force of contraction
-__________ bp in arteries