hematology

3 initial responses to vascular injury

exposed collagen + prekallikrein + HMW kininogen + factor XII

tissue factor (injured cells) + factor VII

factor X + factor V + Ca + platelet factor 3 + prothrombin

catalyzes formation of thrombin

convergence point for intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

inhibitor of factor X

combines with platelets to form platelet plug to cause hemostasis

factor that helps crosslink fibrin

factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin + fibrin split products

factor that activates platelets

factor that activates factors V and VIII

factor with the shortest half-life

labile factors that are lost in stored blood. activity is not lost in FFP

only clotting factor not synthesized in liver

Vitamin K dependent factors (4 + 2)

length of time it takes Vitamin K to take effect

length of time FFP is effective after administration

other name for factor II

normal half life of RBCs

normal half life of platelets

normal half life of PMNs

anticoagulation factor that binds and inhibits thrombin

anticoagulation factor that degrades factors V and VIII, and fibrinogen

anticoagulation factor that acts as a cofactor to Protein C

factor that heparin binds to inhibit coagulation

fibrinolytic that is released from the endothelium and converts plasminogen to plasmin

fibrinolytic factor that degrades factors V and VIII, fibrinogen and fibrin to degrade platelet plugs

fibrinolytic natural inhibitor of plasmin, released from the endothelium

factor secreted by platelets to increase platelet aggregation and promote vasoconstriction

enzyme secreted by endothelium that decreases platelet aggregation and promotes vasodilation

blood product containing highest concentration of vWF, VIII, fibrinogen

blood product with high levels of factor V, VIII, protein C, protein S, ATIII

drugs (2) that cause release of factor VIII and vWF from endothelium

coagulation measurement of factors II, V, VII, X

best lab value to measure synthetic liver function

lab value measuring most factors (except VII and XIII)

ACT level desirable for routine anticoagulation

ACT level desired for cardiopulmonary bypass

most common congenital bleeding disorder

congenital bleeding disorder with normal PT, typically normal PTT, and long bleeding time

bleeding disorder with a defective Gp1b receptor on platelets, causing them to have decreased linkage to collagen

treatment for Von Willebrands (3)

reduced circulating vWF

defect in vWF molecule itself

congenital deficiency in factor VIII. prolonged PTT, normal PT

treatment of hemophilia A bleeding

congenital deficiency in factor IX

treatment of hemophila B bleeding

generic cause of bruising, epistaxis, mucosal bleeding, petechiae, purpura

GpIIb/IIIa receptor deficiency on platelets which blocks them from binding each other

Gp1b receptor deficiency of platelets that keeps them from binding collagen

inhibits Gp1b, GpIIb/IIIa, vWF

treatment of uremic platelet dysfunction (4)

drug that acts as an ADP receptor antagonist, causes platelet dysfunction

antibiotics that bind platelets and increase bleeding time (2)

thrombocytopenia due to antiplatelet antibodies

coagulation disorder characterized by decreased platelets, prolonged PT and PTT, and low fibrinogen. often initiated by tissue factor

drug that inhibits cyclooxygenase in platelets, decreasing TXA2

most common congenital hypercoagulability disorder, causing 30% of spontaneous venous thromboses

defect in platelet function causing thrombosis and also bleeding. treatment: ASA

disorder with prolonged PTT, positive Russel viper venom time, false positive RPR for syphilis

causes of acquired hypercoagulability (6)

decrease of protein C and S compared to procoagulation factors, leading to a relatively hyperthrombotic state

treatment of 1st DVT

treatment of 2nd DVT

treatment of 3rd+ DVT or any PE

drug that prevents decarboxylation of glutamic residues on Vitamin K dependent factors.

drug that inhibits platelets and coagulation factors

treatment to improve venous return and induce fibrinolysis via tPA release

drug that activates antithrombin III

drug used to reverse heparin action

drug that inhibits fibrinolysis by inhibiting plasmin; used in DIC or post-cardiopulm bypass

absolute contraindications to thrombolytic use (3)