A. a vessel that carries blood away from the heart
The ____________ collects blood
from all other veins draining the myocardium and returns this blood to the
right atrium.
a. great cardiac vein
b. left circumflex artery
c. posterior cardiac vein
d. coronary sinus
e. middle cardiac vein
d. coronary sinus
On the electrocardiogram, repolarization
of the atria is represented by the:
a. p-wave
b. QRS complex
c. T-wave
d. p-Q segment
e. it does not appear on the EKG
since it is obscured by the QRS complex
e. it does not appear on the EKGsince it is obscured by the QRS complex
An artery is defined as:
a. a vessel that carries blood away from the heart
b. a vessel that carries oxygenated blood
c. a vessel that carries blood toward the heart
d. a vessel that carries deoxygenated blood
e. a microscopic blood vessel
The valve that lies between the
right atrium and the right ventricle is the
a. aortic semilunar valve
b. tricuspid valve
c. mitral valve
d. bicuspid valve
e. pulmonary semilunar valve
b. tricuspid valve
. The anterior interventricular artery and the
circumflex artery are the main branches of the right coronary artery
False
A sudden drop in blood pressure will cause a
reflexive increase in the heart rate.
True
The lining of the chambers and the covering of
the heart are a simple squamous epithelium overlying a thin layer of loose connective tissue.
True
Which of the following valves keeps blood from
backing up into the left ventricle?
True
. Which of the following valves
keeps blood from backing up into the left ventricle?
a. pulmonary valve
b. bicuspid valve
c. aortic valve
d. tricuspid valve
c. aortic valve
The pulmonary valve has string-like chordae
tendinae and papillary muscles that prevent the valve cusps from prolapsing during right ventricular contraction.
False
. Death of heart muscle from
lack of oxygen is known as a myocardial infarction (MI), but what is temporary
myocardial ischemia called?
a. cardiac stenosis
b. cardiac defibrillation
c. angina pectoris
d. cardiac arrest
c. angina pectoris
When the ventricles relax, blood in the aorta flows back toward the heart, filling the coronary arteries.
True
15. Which of the following
structures allow one cardiac cell to electronically stimulate another by
allowing ion flow across the intercalated disk?
a. fascia adherens
b. gap junctions
c. desmosomes
d. intercellular folds
b. gap junctions
The small patch of heart tissue
that depolarizes spontaneously to begin each heartbeat is the
a. node of His.
b. sinoatrial node. (SA node)
c. atrioventricular node.
d. superior cardiac node.
b. sinoatrial node. (SA node)
Any abnormal cardiac contraction pattern is called an arrhythmia, including atrial flutters and ventricular fibrillation.
True
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. The firing of the SA node
stimulates both atria to contract almost simultaneously.
b. The signal to contract is
delayed at the AV node, allowing the ventricles to fill with blood.
c. Firing signals reach the
papillary muscles before the rest of the ventricular myocardium.
d. Ventricular contraction begins at
the AV valves and progresses downward toward the apex of the heart.
d. Ventricular contraction begins atthe AV valves and progresses downward toward the apex of the heart.
An EEG is a composite recording
of all of the action potentials produced by the heart.
True False
False
. Which of the following is the
correct sequence of events occurring in the cardiac cycle?
a. atrial systole, atrial diastole,
ventricular systole, and ventricular diastole
. It is essential that both ventricles eject the
same amount of blood even though the pressure in the right ventricle is much
less than the pressure in the left ventricle.
True
In a resting person, a red blood cell leaving
the left ventricle will, on average, arrive back at the left ventricle in
a. 30 seconds.
b. 60 seconds.
c. 90 seconds.
d. 120 seconds.
b. 60 seconds.
A resting adult heart rate above 100 beats per
minute is known as bradycardia.
False
Activity in the cardioinhibitory center slows the heart because sympathetic nerves secrete norepinephrine onto the SA and AV nodes.
False
Hypercapnia, or excess blood levels of CO2,
causes acidosis that decreases the heart rate.
False
. All of the following are
cardiac stimulants except
a. epinephrine.
b. caffeine, nicotine, and
chocolate.
c. thyroid hormone.
d. potassium and calcium ions.
d. potassium and calcium ions.
This chamber has to work harder
than the others, so it has the thickest myocardium:
a. sinus venosus
b. right ventricle
c. right atrium
d. left atrium
e. left ventricle
e. left ventricle
These prevent AV valve
prolapse:
a. trabeculae carneae
b. chordae tendineae and papillary
muscles
c. valvular stenosis
d. semilunar and aortic valves
e. aortic and pulmonary blood
pressure
b. chordae tendineae and papillarymuscles
Of the pathways listed, which correctly describes
a route that blood can take in a normal human?
left atrium > bicuspid valve > left
ventricle > aortic semilunar valve
Myocardial ischemia can lead
to:
a. freer drainage
b. vein blockage
c. thinner blood
d. tissue death
e. endothelium
d. tissue death
An effectively three-chambered heart, as in septal defects, can lead to:
a. mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
b. surplus oxygen in the blood
c. sinus venosus
d. vein blockage
e. double circulation
a. mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
. The most correct sequence in the cardiac
conduction system is:
SA node > AV node > AV
bundle > bundle branches > Purkinje fibers
Myocardial ischemia can lead
to:
a. freer drainage
b. vein blockage
c. thinner blood
d. tissue death
e. endothelium
d. tissue death
The QRS interval on an
electrocardiogram represents the electrical events related to the:
a. closure of the AV valves
b. ventricular depolarization
c. ventricular repolarization
d. atrial depolarization
e. semilunar valve closure
b. ventricular depolarization
All of the following can cause
an increase in cardiac output except:
a. falling blood pH
b. increased preload
c. decreased end diastolic volume
d. reduced number of vagal signals
e. epinephrine
c. decreased end diastolic volume
The layer of the heart that
forms a smooth, protective lining of the heart chambers and valves is the .
a. Endocardium
b. epicardium
c. myocardium
d. parietal pericardium
b. epicardium
The bicuspid valve .
C. is located on the left side of the heart
The ? has the thickest wall because it pumps blood
to the ? .
a. right atrium; systemic circuit
b. left atrium; lungs
c. right ventricle; lungs
d. left ventricle; systemic circuit
d. left ventricle; systemic circuit
Freshly oxygenated blood enters ?
the heart through the ? , and is pumped
out the .
a. right atrium; aorta
b. right ventricle; pulmonary arteries
c. left atrium; aorta
d. left ventricle; pulmonary arteries
c. left atrium; aorta
When do the A-V valves close during the cardiac cycle?
A. when ventricular pressure exceeds that of the atria
How does the impulse to contract slow down slightly before it is transferred into the ventricles?
D. Junctional fibers leading into the AV node have very small diameters
A unique venous system, called
the ,
carries blood directly from the intestines to the liver for processing rather
than directly into the inferior vena cava.
a. hepatic portal system
b. saphenous vein
c. superior mesenteric vein
d. gonadal vein
a. hepatic portal system
A condition in which there is a
congenital predisposition for a ruptured aorta is .
a. fatty acid metabolism disorder
b. Marfan syndrome
c. Niemann-Pick type C disease
d. Coronary artery disease
b. Marfan syndrome
Which structure contains the
lowest amount of oxygen?
a. pulmonary vein
b. vena cava
c. aorta
d. left ventricle
b. vena cava
. Cardiac output can be
determined by the following formula:
a. HR – SV
b. HR + SV
c. HR divided by SV
d. HR x SV
d. HR x SV
The first heart sound is caused
by closure of the valves.
a. pulmonary semilunar
b. aortic semilunar
c. atrioventricular
d. mitral
c. atrioventricular
The last in the cardiac
conduction sequence is the .
a. SA node
b. AV bundle
c. AV node
d. Purkinje fibers
d. Purkinje fibers
The electrical initiation of a
heartbeat begins in the chamber wall.
a. left ventricle
b. right atrium
c. right ventricle
d. left atrium
b. right atrium
The central cardiac control
region is in the of the brain.
a. Hypothalamus
b. cerebellum
c. medulla oblongata
d. pons
c. medulla oblongata
The T wave of an electrocardiogram represents which event?
a. ventricular depolarization
b. ventricular repolarization
c. atrial repolarization
d. atrial depolarization
b. ventricular repolarization
A heartbeat of less than 60
beats per minute is called .
a. Tachycardia
b. arrhythmia
c. bradycardia
d. fibrillation
c. bradycardia
The right and left sides of the heart are separated by the interventricular septum.
False
Blood in all veins is relatively low in oxygen.
False
When an atrium is in systole
the ventricle is in diastole.