-
which culture is associated with the practice of immersing the body of the dead in earthen jars filled with honey or wax
Babylonians
-
with which era are the years 30,000 b.c to 6,000 b.c associated?
Neolithic period
-
the years associated with the medieval period are
600 ad to 1850 ad
-
tree burial was associated with which of the following
north American Indians
-
the year 1628 is associated with which great event in history of embalming?
discovery of blood circulation
-
the one in Egypt known as god of the underworld & judge of the dead was
Osiris
-
the ones who created mummies that were referred to as xaxos were the
gaunches
-
in egyptian history, the walled suburb of a major city where embalming was preformed was referred to as the
necropolis
-
the earliest assumed state of man was depictive of which era?
eolithic
-
which of these cultures were believed to have thrown their dead to hordes of wild dog?
Mongolians
-
according to ancient Egyptian death beliefs, the element of the body which remained with the body in the grave & demanded attention from the living was the
Ka
-
the most expensive method of Egyptian embalming consisted of 5 steps, the last of which was
bandaging & anointing
-
according to the ancient Egyptian history, which of the following numbers approximates the number of years required to complete the journey known as the "circle of necessity"?
3,000
-
the term sarcophagus refers to which of the following?
a coffin
-
which people are known to have skinned their dead as part of the body preparation procedure?
north American Indians
-
the term "tabona" referred to which of the following?
a flint stone knife
-
the Egyptians felt that which of the following was the seat of intellect & emotion?
heart
-
which is the following did the Egyptians believe to be the center of the universe?
the sun
-
how often did the inundation (overflowing) of the Nile river occur?
once a year
-
regarding the journey known as the circle of necessity, according to the Egyptians, where did the journey lead?
to the sun & back
-
who was the Greek historian known as the "father of history"?
Herodotus
-
the "guild of all souls" was established in
London, England
-
the "father of modern embalming" in the US is
Thomas Holmes
-
in discussing the undertaking specialist of ancient Egypt, which one of the following was referred to as the priest?
Kher-heb
-
the Ba, Yakhu, The name, the heart, the shadow & the Ka are elements of the body that were associated with which of the following cultures?
Egyptians
-
Libitina & Libitinetius are funeral functionaries identified with which of the following early cultures?
Romans
-
the "crier" in ancient Rome was also referred to as the
praceo
-
the cult of Dionysus is associated with which of the following cultures?
ancient Greeks
-
the "Elysian fields" death belief is associated with which of the following culture?
ancient Greeks
-
the "cult of Osiris" identified with which early civilization?
ancient Egyptians
-
the placing of various organs in canopic jars & embalming by class distinction was specifically associated with which of the following early civilizations?
ancient Egyptians
-
the "designator" in ancient Rome was also referred to as the
master of ceremonies
-
the use of an "effigy" became popularized during
middle ages
-
during the middle ages, a death waxed mask was referred to as an
effigy
-
the great plague of London took place during the
middle ages
-
the great plague of London took place in
1664-1665
-
a "sin-eater" was associated with which of the following
middle ages
-
in discussing early American funerals, invitees to funerals & town undertakers were referred to as
municipal officers
-
the Egyptian "god of the dead" was
Osiris
-
burial societies were becoming common place during
medieval period
-
the first people to dress their dead in white clothing were the
Christians
-
the person who was responsible for bringing european embalming techniques to the U.S was
Harlan
-
the term used by the Jewish people to represent the flesh was
basar
-
jewish burials were scheduled
during the day of death before sundown
-
the medieval irish wakes were known for their
light hearted practices
-
the most common form of disposition for the early Scandinavians was
cremation
-
which of the following is not true of the ancient Jewish funeral
the women always prepared the dead bodies.
-
another name for the dark ages was
middle ages
-
the period of time when the Egyptian were embalming bodies was
ancient
-
the name of the Jewish grave that was covered with a stone slab is
sunken
-
burial trends during the middle ages were greatly influenced by the
church
-
the "kiss of peace" represented a major break in tradition between the Christians & the
jews
-
one of the countries which made mask making very popular in replacing the body during the periods the body was lying in state was
England
-
the country which practiced "communion of the dead" was
Ireland & Scotland
-
which of the following is not part of a roman committal service
burial mass celebrated at the grave site
-
the focal point of a roman funeral procession was the
torch bearer
-
the name of the place of Greek afterlife was
hades
-
which of the following does not have any significance in the Greek burial practices & customs
gods little acre
-
Constantine sumptuary laws
was a body of mortuary laws
-
the name of Christian ruler in Rome was
Constantine
-
which of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process was the most prominent?
priest
-
of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process, the person who marked the length of the incision with a charcoal pencil was the
scribe
-
the % of egyptians prepared by the inexpensive method of embalming was?
80%
-
which of the following was not part of an Egyptian funeral procession?
jesters
-
of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process, who was in charge of the funeral procession of an influential Egyptian ?
physician
-
the roman "head undertaker" was referred to as the
Libitinarious
-
early Scandinavians referred to Valhalla as
land of the desd
-
in the mythological concept of the geek afterlife, the Greeks prepared the body to go to
hades
-
many historians credit the Greeks as the first to use
cremation
-
the person who discovered formaldehyde in 1868 was
Hofmann
-
the person who had Gannal's book published in the US was
Harlan
-
the people who dressed their dead in togas were the
Romans
-
the people who cremated their dead with all their worldly possessions were
northern Europeans
-
who usually had their funeral processions during the night
Romans
-
the Jewish people believed the individual was made up of two elements which were
nefesh & Basar
-
the deceased Hebrews dressed in
their best attire
-
Jewish funeral customs were noted for their
simplicity
-
the Jewish religious sect which had a very strict viewpoint of their religious policies & procedures were the
orthodox
-
the injection of cedar oil into the abdomen of the body was utilized in the medium priced method of Egyptian embalming, causing the organs in the cavity to
be dissolved
-
what approximate % of Egyptian populace were prepared by the expensive method of embalming?
2%
-
the canopic jars which housed the organs of deceased Egyptians were named after the four sons of
Horus
-
in ancient Egyptian beliefs of the cult of Osiris, who was osiris wicked brother?
set
-
the deity who is known as the god of the underworld is
Osiris
-
the sun worshippers believed people were developed from ____ elements?
6
-
the necropolis was
city of the dead
-
egyptian burial receptables which were large, massive, and rectangular in shape describe the _____ casket
sarcophagus
-
the civilization of people whose faith neccessitated burial of the deceased by sundown on the day of death was the
hebrews
-
the most desirable mode of disposition for the egyptians was
entombment
-
the individual designated to eviscerate & wash the egyptian remains was
none of these
-
the egyptian coffin which gained popularity because of the influence of Osiris was called the
anthropoid
-
which of the following is not part of the expensive egyptian embaling method
immersion in molten asphalt
-
the individual involved in embaling the egyptian dead whose functions were embalming & wrapping of the remains was
surgeon
-
the individual involved in the embalming the egyptian dead whose function was to anoint the body with the necessary oils, spices & ointments was the
apothecary servant
-
the most noted impact the egyptian coffins had on another civilization was with the
romans
-
which of the following came first
funeral customs
-
the _______ are credited with the introduction of cremation
greeks
-
with the intro of coffins & early funeral goods, which of the following were primarily pursuing the undertaking profession
craftsmen
-
which of the following was not a consideration in the development of coffins & burial cases
importance on preservation of the deceased
-
which of the followin was not a consideration with the intoduction of the metallic burial casket
oz per sq ft
-
which of the following was not a major influence in the development of chemical embalming?
the civil war
-
early methods of transporting the body included all but which of the following?
limousine
-
during the 19th century, various chemical manufacturers were influential in the development of mortuary education & the rising prevalence of embalming. among the services which those companies offered the undertaker included all but
merchandising technique for use in the casket room
-
which of the following is associated with the introduction & development of early funeral transportation?
crane & breed
-
as casket manufacturers became more sophisticated in their merchandise, which of the following was an attitudinal change which was reflected in their product
more aesthetic luxury
-
wo is credited with revieving one, if not the first patent, in regards to life preserving coffins?
christian eisenbrandt
-
a waxed death mask of nobility was referred to as an
effigy
-
the wake during the middle ages was also referred to as the
vigil for the dead
-
edwin chadwick is associated with wich of the following?
investigator of mass corription in regards to english practices
-
in ancient egypt the priest was also referred to as the
kher-heb
-
dionysius was recognized as
the god of wine
-
the burial in wooden act took place in what year
1666
-
which funeral functionary in ancient rome was identified as the crier
praceo
-
the god of the underworld is recognized with wic of the following
Osiris
-
in ancient rome, this early death belief said that te body & soul were composed of atoms which simply disintegrated at death. who is responsible for influencing this belief
epicurus
-
one of the first coffin shop/warehouses was started in New york by which of the following
john l. dillon
-
receptacles that were patented in the early 19th century but which gained no popular appeal were referred to as
also-rans
-
a social development in the middle-ages whereby the bodies of the noble were separated & the bones were broughht back to their home in a chest describes
independent bone burial
-
in discussing early american undertakig inviters to funerals were considered to be
municipal officers
-
which of the following received one of the first patents for a corpse cooler/cooling board during the 19th century
robert fredrick & CA trump
-
in ancient rome, where did burial & or entombment take place
outside the walls of rome
-
in discussing ancient roman culture, the desingator was also referred to as
the master of ceremonies
-
the goddes of corpses & funerals is recognized as
libitina
-
the egyptian undertaking specialist whose job included making medicines & anointing the body of the deceased was referred to as
the apothecary
-
which of the following is known for featuring a horse drawn hearse at the chicago worlds fair in 1893 that resembled a church like design & which weighed 2400 lbs
crane & breed
-
which of the following is not considered to be an influential person in the development of embalming schools?
edwin chadwick
-
which of the following is NOT a reason why auto funerals would be slow in being accepted
auto hearses were less costly than the traditional horse-drawn hearse
-
by virtue of technical skill & knowledge which of the following individuals in particular was qualified to fulfill the role as coroner in early america
town undertakers
-
in discussing metallic burial caskets, the ogee design served what purpse?
it reduced the excess space that characterized most metallic burial caskets & it reduced the access weight that characterized most metallic burial caskets
-
which of the following receptacles was used for ex president grant
style-e state casket
-
MH crane & JR Barnes acquired the manufacturing rights from fisk in what year
1853
-
the head undertaker in ancient rome was referred to as the
libitinarius
-
the evisceration of body organs & their placement in 4 canopic jars was associated with the embalming practices of which ancient civilization
egyptians
-
the individual to receive the first american patent on a metallic coffin (1836) was
james a gray
-
which of these individuals criticized the use of common preservatives such as arsenic in regards to embalming
dr thomas holmes
-
a ______ or long pleated arrangment of fine linen was worn by a widow during the middle ages, this arrangment resembled a beard
barbe
-
during the late middle ages who began experimenting with embalming
anatomist & surgeon
-
in discussing edwin chadwicks report what did he reccomend
all cemeteries be municipalized & religious rites be simplified & standardized
-
first to successfully adopt arterial injection as a means of perservatives
dr william hunter
-
whose credited with the discovery of hunters canal
john hunter
-
credited with discovering formaldehyde
august hofman
-
father of embalming
dr frederick ruysch
-
father of embalming in the US
dr thomas holmes
-
discovered the circulation of blood
dr william harvey
-
father of histology
marcello malphigi
-
author of history of embalming
jean gannal
-
father of bacteriology
anthony van leeuwenhoek
-
painter of the last supper
leonardo da vinci
-
the purpose of the funeral feast during the middle ages
welcome heir to new estate
-
father of modern embalming in the US
dr thomas holmes
-
pateneted process of embalming involving the injection of an arsenic alcohol mixture
j anthony gaussardia
-
the fisk metallic coffin was patented in this year
1848
-
edwin chadwick publishes his report in this year
1842
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