Excavates and Chromoalveolates

Have unique cytoskeletal features, have "excavated" feeding groove on one side of the cell body

A rod with a spiral structure inside a clade is how you distinguish a ___________.

member of a diverse clade of flagellated protists that include predatory heterotrophs, photosynthetic autotrophs, and pathogenic parasites.

a protist that has a single large mitochondria that houses an organized mass of DNA; contains a kinetoplast and can cause disease (heart disease)

These are both part of the Euglenozoan clade

- has a pellicle; 1 or 2 flagella; can be autotrophic or heterotrophic (mixotrophs)

A protist with modified/reduced mitochondria called hydrogenosomes, those organelles generate some energy anaerobically, releasing hydrogen gas as a by product, found with animals

Lacks electron transport chain, recieves energy from anaerobic bio-chemiocal pathways. Many are parasites; found in animals or stagnant water

Chromalveolates have two groups. What are they?

contain 2 flagella at some point in their life is covered with tubular hairs

Protists in the group are: Diatoms, Golden Algae, Brown Algae, and Oomycetes

Have membrane bound flattened sacs beneath the cell membrane (Alveoli); membrane has tubular cristae

Protists in this group are: Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexanas, and Cilites

Responisble for the "Red Tides"

Contain a group of organelles called the apical complex
Complex life cycle
Sporozoites will spread through the host

Use cilia for movement

fuzzy, white growth

Silica shells (frustules) that nest together

contain fucoxanthin (pigment)

Yellow and Brown carotenoids
colonial

Cell walls composed of cellulose plates

contain algin in cell walls

cell walls made of cellulose

Contactile vacuoles regulate water (hypotonic solutions)
Multinucleate (2 nucleus's)

have modified mitochondria called mitosomes.