Coding Class- Chapter 2 & 3 Test

Abdomen

Fat; Fatty

Front

Cartilage

Skull

Cell

Back

Stomach

Tissue

Groin

Side; away from the midline

Loin

Middle

Nucleus

Pelvis

Back

Near

Spine

Chest

Navel

Front Side; Belly

Internal Organs

2 General body cavities

VENTRAL CAVITY= located at the front side of the body.


DORSAL CAVITY= Located at the backside of the body

Located at the front side of the body and is divided into

• Thoracic / Chest cavity
• Abdominal cavity
• Pelvic cavity

Located at the backside of the body and is divided into the

• Cranial Cavity
• Spinal Cavity

The muscle that helps us breathe and separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

Part of the ventral cavity and consist of the lungs, heart, aorta, esophagus and the trachea

Part of the Ventral cavity consist of the liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, pancreas, intestines and kidneys

Part of the Ventral cavity and consist of urinary bladder and reproductive organs.

Part of the Dorsal cavity and houses the brain

Part of the Dorsal cavity and houses the spinal cord

Located beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs in the upper-right section of the abdomen.

Located above the stomach and navel, between the right and left hypochondriac regions.

Located beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs in the upper-left section of the abdomen.

Location in the midportion of the abdomen directly below the Right hypochondriac regions.

*Lower back-Does not refer to the physical back but primarily to where pain the organ may be felt.

Located in the midsection of the abdomen at the level of the umbilicus or navel.

located in the midportion of the abdomen directly belowe the left hypochondriac region

Located in the lower-right portion of the abdomen, directly belowe the right lumbar region. Also called the Right iliac region

Located in the lower midsection of the abdomen directly below the umbilical cord

Located in the lower-left portion of the abdomen, directly below the left lumbar region. Also called the the Left Iliac Region.

Four imaginary sections of the abdomen that like the nine body regions provide a reference point for locating abdominal organs and pain.

• 1) Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
• 2) Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
• Both the right and the left upper quadrants are position above and to the right and to the left of the umbilicus.
• 3) Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
• 4) Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
• Both the right and left lower quadrants are positioned below and to the right and left of the umbilicus.

Imaginary slices, cuts that divide the body into right and left, front and back upper and lower.

• Vertical/Midsagittal plane
• Frontal/Coronal plane
• Horizontal/Tranverse Plane
• 

Divides the body, starting with the head and continuing through the pelvic region, into right and left halves of or sides.

Down the center/splitting midline

Parallel to the midsagittal plane divides the body into right and left portions or segments

Divides the body starting with the head and continuing through the legs and feet; into front and back portions or segments, also called the coronal plane.

Divides the body into upper and lower portions or segments.

• Cells
• Tissues
• Organs
• Systems

The foundation of all parts of the body, the basic unit of biological organization

Group of like cells performing a specific function

Made up of group of different tissue working together

Includes all the organs working together

cells outer covering, permits passage of material in and out of the cell so that the cell can receive nutrients and release waste products.

Fluid enviroment of the cell where cell structures are housed.

Control center of the cell it's made up of Chromosomes

controls the growth and repair nd reproduction functions of the body. It contains genetic information Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Also contains thousands of gense whcih are responsible for hereditary charateristic.

Group of cells working together to perform a specific function 4 types of tissues

• Connective
• Epithelial
• Muscle and
• Nervous

Connect and support other body tissue or structures.

Can be liquid, adipose, fibrous or solid

• Liquid = Blood
• Adipose = Fat
• Fibrous = Tendons, Ligaments
• Cartilage = Nose, rings of the trachea
• Solid = Bone

Provides a covering for body organs, it lines body vessels, cavities, glands and organs.

Ex. Skin, and the lining around the hear cavlled the endocardium

Functions to produce movement in all parts of the body.

• 3 types of muscle tissue
• Skeletal
• Smooth
• Cardiac

Attached to bone, moves the skeleton, voluntary muscle

Located in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and intestines; produces movement in those organs

Makes up the muscular layer of the heart

Sensory, transmit information throughout the body that allows us to move, think, taste, see and experience all functions associated with being alive.

Groups of tissues working together to perform a specific functions.

Internal organs are known as viscera or visceral organs.

Parietal = wall side or away from the organ

Groups of organs working together to perform many functions of the body as a whole.

Skin; hair; nails, glands

Bones; Joints

Muscles; cartilage, Ligaments; tendons

Heart, Arteries, Veins

Blood, Blood Cells, lymph, lymph cells, lymph glands

Lungs, trachea, Bronchi

Mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestins, rectum, liver, gallbladder and pancreas

Kidneys, Ureters, urethra, bladder

Glands, Hormones

Testes, Vas deferens, Penis, accesory organs

Ovaries, Uterus, Vagina, fallopian tube, accessory organs

Nerves, Brains, Spinal Cord

Eyes, ears

Are the north, south, east and west of the medical terminology, it provides a vocabulary that readily describe the location of another body part, incision, problem or diagnosis or disease.

Body is viewed as erect, with the arms at the sides, palms of the hands facing forward and the head and feet also facing forward.

Toward the front pertaining to the front

From the front to the back; pertaining to the front and the back

Pertaining to the tail inferior

Toward the head, pertaining to the head

Away from the surface

Away from the trunk of the body, farthest from the point of origin of a body part

Toward the back; pertaining to the back

Below, downward toward the tail or feet

To the side; away from the midline of the body

Toward the midline of the body, pertaining to the middle

Toward the back, pertaing to the back of the body

From the back to the front, pertaining to the back and front

Towards the trunk of the body, nearest to the point of origin of body part (used especially with bones)

Near the surface, pertaining to the surface

Above; upward, toward the head

Face up; lying on back

toward the front, pertaining to the front side

Skin

Skin

Sweat

Horny Tissue, Hard

Black

Fungus

nail

Thick

Hair

Wrinkles

Sebum

dry

includes skin, glands, hair, and nails. The skin provides protective covering for the body and aids in the identification of heat, cold, pain, and touch. The glands produce sweat to help cool the body and oil to lubricate the skin. Nails provide protection for the tips of the fingers and toes.

• Skin===Protection
• Hair==Temp. control (Thermoregulation)
• Nails---Sensory
• Glands==lubrication

Largest organ of the body and has two layers:

• 1) Epidermis: outermost layer of the skin
• 2) Dermis: The inner or middle layer of the skin
• 3) Subcutaneous- Closely attached to the dermis.

Outer most layer. Covered with flat horny cells. Another epidermal layer contains melanin, the substance that gives skin color. The last Epidermal layer called Basil layer, produces new cells to replace those that are being shed

Produces melanin it's in the lower layer of the epidermis we all have melanin, the amount differs.

Contains blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, oils and sweat glands and hair follociles. Sebaceous glands secrete Sebum or oil into hair follicles, sweat glands also called Sudoriferous glands emerge through pores to the surface of the skin.

SEBUM==Seb/o

has all the structure needed to keep skin alive.

Not a layer of skin, but closely associated with the dermal layer of the skin. It's made of adipose, fatty tissue and connective tissue. provides insulation and protection for deeper body structures.

Fat

Meshwork of cells that contain the protein Keratin. It originates from the Hair Follicles which are located in the dermis of the skin. The hair Root is embedded in the hair follicle. The arrector pili muscle provides support for hair follicles. The Shaft is the visible portion of the hair. Hair shaft is actually dead tissue and does not have nerve ending

On, Upon, over

Beneath, below

Within

Around, beside, near, beside

Through

under, below

Excision, surgical removal,

Abnormal condition of

Inflammation

Softening

Study of

Specialist in the study of

Tumor; Swelling

Surgical repair

Flow; excessive discharge

Cutting Instrument

Fat

Physician Skin Specialist

Study of skin

Pertaining to the epidermal layer of the skin

Pertaining to beneath the skin

Pertaining to within the skin

Pertaining to through the skin

Pertaining to under or below the skin

Scraping away of the skin; a scrape

Condition characterized by a lack of skin pigmentation; white

Loss of hair, baldness

Cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

Skin infection charaterized by a cluster of boils

A scar left by a healed wound

An Injury charaterized by pain, swelling and discolaration without a break in skin; bruise

Inflammation of the skin

Excessive sweating

Superficial discoloration caused by blood in the tissue; bruise

Inflammatory skin disorder charaterized by redness, itchin, vesicles, weeping, oozing, and crusting

Abnormal swelling of tissue

Redness

A scratch

Inflamed hair follicle; a boil

Fever Blister; cold sore

Highly contagious disease usually seen in childhood, commonly called chikenpox.

Painful skin eruption that follow a nerve path; shingles

Yellow discoloration of the skin

A cancerous growth that begins as soft, purple brown papules on the feel and gradualy spreads in the skin

Abnormally large, raised or thickened scar

Any damage of to tissue caused by trauma or disease.

Cancerous skin tumor originating from the melanocytes of a mole, freckles, or pigmented skin, skin cancer

Softening of the nails

Fungal infection of the nails

Thickening of the skin

Paleness

Small, solid, raised lesion that is less than .5 cm in diameter, pimple

Lice infestation associated with skin and hair

Pinpoint bleeding in the skin

Open lesion of the skin charaterized by a breakdown of skin and underlying tissues as a result of constant pressure to bony prominences under the skin and an inadequate blood supply to the area;

Chronic Skin condition charaterized by dry, silvery scales covering red lesions

Severe itching

Circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus.

Skin infection caused by infestation of the itch mite

Excessive discharge of Sebum

Cancer of the sqamous or scale-like cells of the skin

Fungal infection of the skin, ringworm

Fungal infection of the body

Fungal infection of the groin, jock itch

Fungal infection of the foot, athlete's foot

Skin Eruption of wheals; hives

Skin Elevation cause by a virus, wart

Small skin elevation filled with clear liquid; blister

Condition charaterized by irregular white patches of skin that are totally lacking in pigmentation due to the destruction of melanocytes.

Transient, round, itchy elevation of the skin, one hive

Dry skin

Removal of living tissue for the purpose of microscopic examination

Removal of dead or damaged tissue and foreign material from a wound

Surgical repair of the skin; Skin transplant

Excision or removal of excess skin for elimination of wrinkles, also called face lift

Surgical repair of wrinkles

HAIR

Nail