Chapter 7

consists of heart and blood vessels

arteries, veins, capillaries

vessel

aorta

artery

arteriole

fatty substance, plaque

atrium

heart

heart

plug

to keep back

vein

chest

clot

valve

valve

dilated vein

blood vessel

vein

blood vessel

ventricle

venule

skin

electricity

esophagus

muscle

lung

sound

pulse

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pain

pertaining to

surgical removal

blood condition

producing

record

process of recording

condition

pertaining to

condition

inflammation

one who studies

study of

destruction

destruction

instrument to measure pressure

enlarged

small

tumor

pertaining to

abnormal condition

cutting into

pertaining to

disease

surgical repair

suture

rupture

hardening

instrument for viewing

involuntary muscle contraction

narrowing

pertaining to

small

without

slow

within

excessive

insufficient

between

within

through

around

many

fast

across

excess

localized widening of artery due to weakness in arterial wall; may develop in any artery, but common sites are abdominal aorta and cerebral arteries

severe chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia

irregular heart beat

listening to sounds within body, such as heart or lungs, by using stethoscope

inflammation of inner lining of heart (the endocardium) caused by bacteria; may result in visible accumulation of bacteria called vegetation

• (BP)
• measurement of pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel

abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute

complete stoppage of all heart activity, both electrical signals and muscle contrations

passage of thin tube (catheter) through veins or arteries leading into heart; used to detect heart abnormalities, to collect cardia blood samples, and determine pressure within heart

complex proteins released by heart muscle when it it damaged; taken by blood sample to determine amount of heart disease or damage

applying external compressions to rib cage in order to maintain blood flow and air movement in and out of lungs during cardiac respiratory arrest

mean you were born with it

• (CSD)
• birth defect in wall separating two chambers of heart allowing blood to pass between two chambers; there can be atrial septal defect (ASD) or ventricular septal defect (VSD)

• (CHF)
• condition that develops when heart muscle is not able to pump blood forcefully enough, reducing blood flow to body; results in weakness, dyspnea, and edema

• (CABG)
• open-heart surgery in which blood vessel, often leg vein, is grafted to route blood around occluded coronary artery

• (CAD)
• chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or therosclerosis of coronary arteries; also called arteriosclerotic heart disease

formation of blood clots in deep veins; usually occurs in legs; peices of clot may break away forming emboli

using instrument called defibrillator to give electrical shock to heart for purpose of converting arrhythmia back to normal hear beat. also called cardioversion

• diagnostic precedure that records electrical activity of heart; used to diagnose damage to heart tissue from coronary heart disease or mycardial infarction
• (EKG)

surgical removal of inner lining of artery in order to remove plaques

abnormal quivering or contractions of heart fibers; occurrence within fibers of ventricle of heart result in cardiac arrest and death; emergency equipment to defibrillate, or convert heart to normal beat, is necessary

abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing sound or harsh click; they may be soft and heard only with stethoscope or so loud they can be heard several feet away

replacement of diseased or malfunctioning heart with donor's heart

cusps or flaps of heart valve are too loose and fail to shut tightly, allowing blood to flow backwards (regurgitation) through valve when heart chamber contracts; most commonly occurs in mitral valve, but may affect any heart valve

• (HTN)
• blood pressure above normal range; usually systolic pressure above 140 or diastolic pressure above 90

decrease in blood pressure; can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia, or as death approaches

• (ICD)
• electrical device implanted in chest cavity with electrodes to heart; applies shock to heart to stop potentially life-threatening arrhythmias such as fibrillation

area of tissue necrosis that develps from ischemia (not getting adequite blood supply)

• (MI)
• infarct of heart muscle caused by occlusion of one or more of coronary arteries; symptoms include angia pectoris and shortness of breath

loss of blood supply to heart muscle tissue of myocardium due to occlusion of coronary artery; may cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction

blockage of blood vesseal or other hollow structure; may be caused by thrombus, plaque, or embolus

electrical device that artificially stimulated contraction of heart muscle; treatment for bradycardia

• (PVD)
• disease of blood vessels away from central region of body, most typically in legs; symptoms include pain, numbness, and impaired circulation

instrument for measuring blood pressure; also called blood pressure cuff

stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel or duct to widen lumen; may be placed in coronary artery to treat myocardial ischemia due to atherosclerosis

method for evaluating cardiovascular fitness; patient is placed on treadmill or a bicycle and then subjected to steadily increasing levels of work; EKG and oxygen levels are taken while patient exercises; test is stopped if abnormalities occur on EKG

abnormally fast heart rate more than 100 beats per minute

• swollen and distended veins, most commonly in legs
• happens when valves aren't working correctly

blood pressure

catheterization

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

electrocardiogram

intensive care unit (duh)

intravenous (duh)

hypertension