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specialized cells
uniquely suited to perform a particular fuction
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Epithelial tissue
glands and tissues that cover interior and exterior body surfaces
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Connective tissues
provides support and connects its parts
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Nervous tissue
transmits nerve impules throughout the body
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muscle tissue
enables the body to move
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himeostasis
keeps things in balance
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feedback inhibition
process in which a stimulus producesa respone that opposes the original stimulus
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neurons
cell that carries a message throughout the nervous system
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cell body
largest part in the neuron
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dendrites
carries impulses neurons to the cell body
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myelin sheath
the surrounding membrane of the axon
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action potential
reversal of charges across the cell membrane of a neuron (nerve impulse)
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resting potentential
electrial charge across the cell membrane of a resting neuron
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threshold
minimum level of stimulus that is required to activate a neuron
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synapse
location in which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell
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Neurontransmitters
are chemicals used by a neuron to transit an impulse across a synapse to another cell
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meninges
the connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord
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Cerebrospinal fluid
fluid in the space between that meninges that acts as a shock absorber. protects nervous system
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Cerebrum
that largest and most prominent region of the human brain
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cerebellum
the second largest region of the brain
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brain stem
connects the brain and the spinal cord
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thalamus
receives messages from all of the sensory receptors throughout the body then relays the message to the proper region
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reflex
quick, automatic response to a sitmulus
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reflex arc
includes a sensory receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, and effector
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sensory receptors
react to a specific stimulus such as light or sound by sending impulses
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pupil
the middle of the iris
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lens
behind the iris changes shape tp help eye focus
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retina
innermost layer of the eye
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Rods
are extremely sensitive to light but do not distinguish colors
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Cones
are less sensitive then rods but do respond to differnt colors and lights
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cochlea
fluid-filled part of the inner ear, sends nerve impulses to the brain
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semicircular canals
two tiny sacs located behind the monitor the position of your body
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taste buds
the snese organ that detects taste
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drug
any substance, other then food that changes the structure or function of the body
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stimulants
increses the actions regulated by the nervous system
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depressants
decrease the rate of functions regulated by the brain
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Fetal alcohol syndrome
is a group of birth defects caused by the effects of alcohol on the fetus
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drug abuse
can be defined as the intentional misue of any drug for nonmedical reasons
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addiction
uncontrollable dependence on a drug
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hypothalamus
is the control cents for recognition and analysis of hunger thirst fatigue anger and body temperature
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