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The classic use of the term "fish" means what?
(Multiple Choice)
It denotes a mixed assortment of water dwelling animals.
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What is the most primitive of the early fishes?
(Multiple Choice)
Agnathans
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What was the name of the period refered to as "The Age Of the Fishes"?
(Multiple Choice)
Devonian Period
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The Teleostomi gnathostome fishes consist of what three major groups?
(Multiple Choice)
- 1. Acanthodii
- 2. Actinoptenygii (ray-finned fish)
- 3. Sarcopteryii (lobe-finned fish)
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The cartilaginous fishes include what animals?
(Multiple Choice)
- 1. Skates
- 2. Sharks
- 3. Rays
- 4. Chimeras
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Cartilaginous fishes have what major parts and when were the the most abundant?
(Multiple Choice)
- Placoid scales
- Viviparous, oviviparous
- No eyelids
- Strong jaws
- Regenetive teeth
- No swin bladder
- Devonian and carboniferous
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What characteristics are exhibited in the hagfish?
(Multiple Choice)
- Entirely saltwater
- Scavengers
- Secrete slime (milky fluid)
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Unlike other vertebrates, the body fluids of hagfishes are what to water?
(Multiple Choice)
Body fluids are in osmotic equilibrium with seawater.
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The hagfish has a keen sense of what?
(Multiple Choice)
Smell and Touch
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What do we know about lampreys of North America?
(Multiple Choice)
Limited control of lampreys by larvicioles and celease of sterile males.
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How are sharks unique?
(Multiple Choice)
- Internal fertilization
- Isomotic blood
- Replacing teeth
- Ability to detach bioelectric fields
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The lateral-line of a shark is used for what?
(Multiple Choice)
Detecting and locating objects.
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Sharks have what type of scales?
(Multiple Choice)
Dermal placoid scales.
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Sharks reproduction and development involves what?
(Multiple Choice)
Cases of oviparous, ovoviviparious, and viviparous strateges.
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The spiral valve in the intestine of a shark serves what purpose?
(Multiple Choice)
Slows passage of food and increases the absorptive surface.
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Ampullary organs of Lorenzini serve what function and where are they located?
(Multiple Choice)
- Help the shark detect bioelectric field at adoie range.
- Located primarly on the sharks head.
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The large spiracles in the top of the head of skates and rays for what?
(Multiple Choice)
Water intake to prevent clogging of gills.
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What does it mean if a shark is ovoviviparous?
(Multiple Choice)
They retain developing young in the uterus while they are nurished by contents of their yolk sac, until born.
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What are the chimeras?
(Multiple Choice)
- Relatives of sharks
- Toothless
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What is the most diverse fish group?
(Multiple Choice)
Ray-finned fished.
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A representative of the ray-finned fish group, the chondrosteans, is in what?
(Multiple Choice)
Sturgeon.
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Representatives of the most primitive non-teleost neopterygians are the what?
(Multiple Choice)
Gar and Bowfin fish.
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What features seperate a shark from a blue-gill?
(Multiple Choice)
- Operculum versus gill slits
- No swim bladder
- Cartiliage versue bones
- Internal and external fertilization
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In schooling, fish rely on sensitivity to vibration and water currents. This is provided by cells called neuroblasts located inside the what?
(Multiple Choice)
Lateral Lines.
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Darters are fish that live in fast-running rapids: they eat surface insects, they rest on the bottom avoiding the push of the water, and make brief frantic dashes to the surface to feed. If they swam midstreem, they would expend a huge amount of energy. What physiological strategy allows them to live on the bottom?
(Multiple Choice)
Loss of a swim bladder.
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The lungfishes are characterized by what?
(Multiple Choice)
- Live only in Africa, South Africa, and Australia.
- Functional lungs.
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The primary propulsive mechanism of a fish is what?
(Multiple Choice)
It's trunk and caudal musculature features.
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The mechanism, whereby buoyancy is achieved in different kinds if fishes is?
(Multiple Choice)
- Swin bladder
- Some gulp air.
- Some use retmirabulli.
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Marine bony fishes are what type of regulators?
(Multiple Choice)
Hypoosmotic Regulators
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To replace water lost osmortically, marine fish do what?
(Multiple Choice)
Drink seawater.
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The class (fill in blank) is composed of vertebrates having eel-like bodies, a biting mouth with two rows of eversible teeth, and numerous slime glands.
Myxini
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The class (fill in blank) is the largest of all vertabrates classes and is composed of animals that have a boney skeleton, median and paired fins, usually a homocercal tail, and usually a swim bladder.
Ostrichthyes.
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The class (fill in blank) is composed of vertebrates having placoid scales, a heterocercal caudal fin, a ventral mouth, and a catilaginous endoskeleton.
Chondrichthyes.
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Great Lake fisheries nearly collapsed last century due to an invasion of (fill in the blank).
Sea lamprey.
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In the elasmobranchs, the sexes are and have (fill in the blank) fertilization.
Internal.
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Sharks remove excess sodium chloride from blood by means of the (fill in the blank) gland.
Rectal.
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A lobe-finned fish thought to have been extinct for 70 million year, but discovered off the coast of South Africa in 1938, is called (fill in the blank).
Coelacanth.
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The Teleost fish have a (fill in the blank) tail
Homocercal.
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The gas gland of the Teleost swim bladder contains a remarkable network of capollaries called (fill in the blank).
Rete mirabile.
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The gills of bony fishes are covered with a (fill in the blank) movable flap.
Operculum.
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Adult eels from both Europe and North America swim enormous distances to spawn at greath depths at the (fill in the blank).
Sagasso Sea, near Bermuda.
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Fished such as the Atlantic Salmon that spend their adult lives at sea but return to fresh water to spawn are called (fill in the blank).
Anadromous.
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The term for external fish reproduction where eggs are released and sperm is exuded over the eggs is called (fill in the blank).
Spawning.
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