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The muscle opposing the prime mover
Antagonist
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The prime mover; it moves a joint
Agonist
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The tendon attachment at the moveable bone; distal @ limbs
Insertion
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The tendon attachment at the stationary bone; proximal @ limbs
Origin
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Moving a limb toward midline; usually in the frontal plane
Adduction
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Moving a limb away from midline
Abduction
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Straightening a joint; usually in sagittal plane
Flexion
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Bending a joint; usually in the sagittal plane
Extension
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The plane which divides the body into front and back parts
Frontal plane
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The plane which divides the body into two side parts
Sagittal plane
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The spine of the scapula is located on the?
Posterior scapula
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The acromion process os located on the?
Lateral-superior end of the spine of the scapula
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The coracoid process is located on the?
Anterior scapula
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The glenoid fossa (or glenoid cavity):
- • located on the lateral-superior scapula.
- • articulates with the head of the humerus.
- • forms part of the shoulder joint.
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The head of the humerus:
- • is locates on the proximal humerus.
- • articulates with the glenoid fossa.
- • forms part of the shoulder joint.
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The following are muscle attachments of the humerus:
- • greater tubercle.
- • lesser tubercle
- • deltoid tuberosity
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The greater tubercle:
- • located on the proximal-lateral humerus
- • is located between the greater and lesser tubercles
- • is also called the bicipital groove.
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The lesser tubercle:
Located on the proximal-anterior humerus
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The intertubercular sulcus:
- • located on the proximal humerus
- • located between the greater and lesser tubercles.
- • is also called the bicipital groove.
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The deltoid tuberosity:
Located on the lateral shaft of the humerus.
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What shape is the trapezius?
Diamond-shaped muscle.
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True or false: the biceps brachii has three origin?
False
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Sacrum, ilium, spinous processes, thoraco-lumbar aponeurosis, ribs and scapula (muscle to it's origin)
Latissimus Dorsi
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EOP, superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament and SPs C7-T12 (muscle to it's origin)
Trapezius
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Subscapular Fossa (muscle to it's origin)
Subscapularis
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Clavicle, sternum and costal cartilages ( muscle to it's origin)
Pectoralis major
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Supraspinous Fossa ( muscle to it's origin)
Supraspinatus
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Infraspinous Fossa (muscle to it's origin)
Infraspinatus
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Lateral border of scapula (muscle to it's origin(s)
Teres major and teres minor
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Coracoid process (muscle to it's origin)
Coracobrachialis
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1st 9 Ribs (making a serrated appearance) (muscle to it's origin)
Serratus Anterior
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TPs C1-C4
Levator Scapulae
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Clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula (muscle to it's origin)
Deltoid
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Rhomboids and levator scapulae (insertion to it's muscle)
Medial border of scapula
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Pectoralis major, latissimus Dorsi and teres major (insertion to it's muscle)
Lips of bicipital groove
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Supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor (insertion to it's muscle)
Greater tubercle
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Deltoid (insertion to it's muscle)
Deltoid tuberosity
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Pectoralis minor (insertion to it's muscle)
Coracoid process
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(action to it's muscle)
Upper trapezius, levator scapulae and rhomboids
Scapular elevation
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(action to it's muscle)
Shoulder flexion
- •Anterior deltoid
- •biceps brachii
- •upper pectoralis major
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(action to it's muscle)
Shoulder external or lateral rotation
Posterior deltoid, infraspinatus and teres minor
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(action to it's origin)
Shoulder abduction
Deltoid and supraspinatus
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The rotator cuff muscles consist of?
- • supraspinatus
- • infraspinatus
- • teres minor
- • subscapularis muscles
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The spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) innervates the?
Trapezius
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The dorsal scapular nerve innervates the?
- • supraspinatus
- • infraspinatus
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The origin of the biceps brachia is at the?
Supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process
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The insertion of the biceps brachii is at the?
Radial tuberosity
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The origin of the triceps brachii is at the?
Infraglenoid tubercle and posterior humerus shaft
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The insertion of the triceps brachii and anconeus is at the?
Olecranon process of the ulna
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The actions of the biceps brachii include:
- flexion of the elbow and shoulder
- supination of the forearm
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The actions of the triceps brachii include:
extension of the elbow and shoulder
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The antagonist to the triceps brachii include the:
brachioradialis and brachialis pronator teres and biceps brachii
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The antagonist to the supinator include the:
Pronator teres and pronator quadratus.
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The origin of the brachialis is at the:
Anterior humerus shaft
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The origin of the Brachioradialis is at the:
Lateral Supracondylar Ridge (or lateral epicondyle) of the humerus
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The insertion of the Brachioradialis is at the:
Styloid process of the Radius
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Flexors of the elbow include:
- Biceps Brachii
- Brachialis and Pronator Teres
- Brachioradialis
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The neutral flexor of the elbow (i.e. in neither pronation nor supination as when you lift up a drink); and supinator/pronator to neutral is:
The Brachialis & Pronator Teres
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The small and weak elbow extensor is the:
Anconeus
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These muscles insert on the Radius:
- Biceps Brachii & Brachioradialis
- Pronator Teres & Pronator Quadratus
- Supinator
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The origin of the Pronator Teres is at the:
Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus & Coronoid process of Ulna
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The origin of the Pronator Quadratus is at the:
Distal 1/4 of the Ulna Shaft
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The origin of the Supinator is at the:
Lateral Epicondyle of humerus & Proximal Ulna shaft
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Pronation is an action of the:
Pronator Teres & Pronator Quadratus
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The Musculocutaneous Nerve innervates the:
Biceps Brachii & Brachialis Muscles
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The Radial Nerve innervates the:
- Triceps Brachii
- Anconeus
- Brachioradialis
- Supinator muscles
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The Radial & Ulnar collateral ligaments provide:
Medial and Lateral stability to the elbow
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"Carpi" means:
"of the wrist"
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"Palmaris" means"
"of the palm"
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"Digitorium" means:
"of the digits (i.e. of digits 2-5)"
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"Pollicus" or "Pollicis" means:
"Of the first digit or thumb"
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The Medial Epicondyle is known as the:
- Common Flexor tendon or origin
- Origin for superficial forearm flexor muscles
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The Medial Epicondyle is the origin for the:
- Flexor Carpi Radialis & Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Palmaris Longus
- Flexor Digitorium superficialis
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Superficial muscles of the anterior forearm include:
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Palmaris Longus
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The Palmar Aponeurosis is the insertion of the:
Palmaris Longus
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The 5th metacarpal is the insertion of the:
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
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Ulnar Deviation is performed by the:
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
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The 2nd & 3rd metacarpals are the insertion of the:
Flexor Carpi Radialis
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Radial deviation is performed by the:
Flexor Carpi Radialis
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The intermediate (or middle) muscle of the anterior forearm is:
The flexor Digitorium Superficialis
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The deep muscles of the anterior forearm are the:
- Flexor Digitorium Profundus
- Flexor Pollicis Longus
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The Interosseus membrane is an origin of the:
Flexor Digitorium Profundus
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The wrist is flexed by the:
- Flexor Carpi Radialis & Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Palmaris Longus & Flexor Digitorium Profundus
- Flexor Digitorium Superficialis & Flexor Pollicus Longus
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The Median Nerve innervates the:
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Palmaris Longus & Lateral 1/2 Flexor Digitorium Profundus
- Flexor Digitorium Superficialis & Flexor Pollicus Longus
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Digits 2-5 are flexed by the:
- Flexor Digitorium Superficialis
- Flexor Digitorium Profundus
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The Distal Phalanx of the 1st digit is the insertion of the:
Flexor Pollicus Longus
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The first digit is flexed by the:
Flexor Pollicus Longus
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The Flexor Digitorium Profundus flexes the:
Distal interphalangeal joint of digits 2-5.
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The Radius is an origin of the:
Flexor Pollicus Longus
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The Ulna is an origin of the:
Flexor Digitorium Profundus.
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"Digiti Minimi" means:
"Of the fifth digit or the little finger"
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"Indicis" means:
"Of the second digit or index finger"
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The superficial muscles of the posterior forearm include:
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis & Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Extensor Digiti Minimi
- Extensor Digitorium Communis
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The following is true for the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus:
- Origin: Lateral Supracondylar Ridge (or lateral epicondyle)
- Insertion: Posterior 2nd metacarpal
- Action: It performs wrist extension & Radial Deviation.
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The following is true for the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis:
- Origin: Lateral Epicondyle
- Insertion: Posterior 3rd metacarpal
- Action: performs wrist extension & Radial Deviation.
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The following is true for the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris:
- Origin: Lateral Epicondyle
- Insertion: Posterior 5th metacarpal
- Action: performs wrist extension and Ulnar deviation.
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The following is true for the Extensor Digiti Minimi:
- Origin: Lateral Epicondyle
- Insertion: Phalanges of the fifth digit
- Action: performs extension of the fifth digit
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The following is true for the Extensor Digitorium Communis:
- Origin: Lateral Epicondyle
- Insertion: Phalanges of digits 2-5
- Action: performs extension of the wrist and of the digits 2-5
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Wrist extension is performed by:
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis & Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
- Extensor Digitorium Communis
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The following is true for the Abductor Pollicus Longus:
- Origin: Posterior Radius & Ulna (& on the Interosseus Membrane)
- Insertion: base of the first metcarpal
- Action: performs abduction of the thumb.
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