Quant Stats

• the thing that's being measured;
• can be abstract
• or tangible

• a construct that gives information about another construct
• used when researchers can't get to a construct directly
• eg; skin response to indicate nervousness

Indicators that give us access to to some aspect of the real-world manifestation of their respective constructs

Other unwanted factors that impact on a result

an indicator that is not contaminated by artifact or error

an indicator that produces the same result every time

• an operationalization of a construct that can change
• there are no universal variables
• can be btwn people or over time

• variables can only take certain values and no others
• accurately measurable in principle
• eg categorical or numerical

• variables which theoretically could take any value over their
• range
• only ever measured aproximately

a variable has categories or states that differ in kind but not in any order or degree

a variable has categories or ranks that are ordered but whose differences are not quantifiable

• a variable has values on a scale whose differences are quantifiable but which lacks a true zero point
• therefore cannot make comparisons because you need a true zero point

• A variable has a scale with quantifiable differences and a true zero
• is therefore comparable